• January 3 – Augustus of Wettin, the Elector of Saxony, marries Agnes Hedwig of Anhalt, the 12-year-old daughter of
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• April 12 – Francis Drake and the English conquerors depart Cartagena after having looted the city and being paid a ransom of 250,000 Spanish pesos by the New Granadan Governor, Don Pedro Fernández.… See more

• July 6 – The Treaty of Berwick is signed between Queen Elizabeth I of England and King James VI of Scotland.
• July 17 – In England, the Babington Plot, a scheme to murder Queen Elizabeth and to replace her with … See more

• October 15– Mary, Queen of Scots, goes on trial for treason at Fotheringhay Castle in England for complicity in the Babington Plot, in a proceeding that lasts for 10 days.
• October 19– Burmese–Siamese War (1584–1593)… See more

• Flemish mathematician Simon Stevin publishes a study showing that two objects of different weight fall with the same speed.
• Jacobus Gallus composes his motet O magnum mysterium.… See more

• January 1 – Pau Claris i Casademunt, Catalan ecclesiastic (d. 1641)
• January 20 – Johann Hermann Schein, German composer of the early Baroque era (d. 1630)
• January 29 – Louis Frederick, Duke of Württembe… See more

• January 18 – Margaret of Austria, regent of the Netherlands (b. 1522)
• January 25 – Lucas Cranach the Younger, German painter (b. 1515)
• February 11 – Augustus, Elector of Saxony (b. 1526)… See more