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  1. SecondarySometimes feldspathoids or olivine

    Basalt - Wikipedia

    • Basalt is an aphanitic (fine-grained) extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron (mafic lava) exposed at or very near the surface of a rocky planet or moon. More than 90% of all volcanic rock on Earth is basalt. Rapid-cooling, fine-grained basalt is chemically equivalent to slow-cooling, coarse-gra… See more

    Definition and characteristics

    Basalt is composed mostly of oxides of silicon, iron, magnesium, potassium, aluminum, titanium, and calcium. Geologists classify igneous rock by its mineral content whenever possible; the relative volume percentage… See more

    Petrology

    The mineralogy of basalt is characterized by a preponderance of calcic plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene. Olivine can also be a significant constituent. Accessory minerals present in relatively minor amounts include iron oxides and … See more

    Distribution

    Basalt is the most common volcanic rock type on Earth, making up over 90% of all volcanic rock on the planet. The crustal portions of oceanic tectonic plates are composed predominantly of basalt, produced fr… See more

    Alteration of basalt

    Compared to granitic rocks exposed at the Earth's surface, basalt outcrops weather relatively rapidly. This reflects their content of minerals that crystallized at higher temperatures and in an environment poorer in water va… See more

    Life on basaltic rocks

    The common corrosion features of underwater volcanic basalt suggest that microbial activity may play a significant role in the chemical exchange between basaltic rocks and seawater. The significant amounts of … See more

    Uses

    Basalt is used in construction (e.g. as building blocks or in the groundwork), making cobblestones (from columnar basalt) and in making statues. Heating and extruding basalt yields stone wool, which has potenti… See more

    See also

    Basalt fan structure – Rock formation
    Basalt fiber – Structural fibres spun from melted basalt
    Bimodal volcanism – Eruption of both mafic and felsic lavas from a single volcanic centre… See more

     
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  2. Basalt ( US: / bəˈsɔːlt, ˈbeɪsɒlt /, UK: / ˈbæsɔːlt, ˈbæsəlt /) is a fine-grained extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron ( mafic lava) exposed at or very near the surface of a rocky planet or a moon. More than 90% of all volcanic rock on Earth is basalt.

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basalt
    Basalt ist ein basisches (SiO 2 -armes) Ergussgestein. Es besteht vor allem aus einer Mischung von Calcium - Eisen - Magnesium - Silikaten (Pyroxene) und calcium - und natrium reichem Feldspat (Plagioklas) sowie meist auch Olivin.
    de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basalt
     
  3. Basalt - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    Basalt is a type of intrusive rock meaning it forms inside of the volcano. Basalt has also formed on Earth's Moon , Mars , Venus , and even on the asteroid Vesta . The crustal portions of oceanic tectonic plates are made mostly of basalt, …

     
  4. Basalt fiber - Wikipedia

  5. Columbia River Basalt Group - Wikipedia

    The Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) is the youngest, smallest and one of the best-preserved continental flood basalt provinces on Earth, covering over 210,000 km 2 (81,000 sq mi) mainly eastern Oregon and Washington, western …

  6. Basalt | Definition, Properties, & Facts | Britannica

    Oct 21, 2024 · Basalt, extrusive igneous (volcanic) rock that is low in silica content, dark in color, and comparatively rich in iron and magnesium. Basalts may be broadly classified on a chemical and petrographic basis into two main …

  7. Basalt: Igneous Rock - Pictures, Definition, Uses

    Basalt is a dark-colored, fine-grained, igneous rock composed mainly of plagioclase and pyroxene minerals. It forms mainly at oceanic divergent boundaries, hotspots, and mantle plumes, and is the most abundant rock type …

  8. Basalt | Properties, Formation, Composition, Uses

    Apr 23, 2023 · Basalt is one of the most common rock types on Earth, and it can be found in various locations around the world, both on land and under the ocean floor. Basalt is known for its dark color, typically ranging from black to dark …

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  9. What Is Basalt? - ThoughtCo

    Feb 2, 2019 · Basalt is the dark, heavy volcanic rock that makes up most of the world's oceanic crust. Some of it erupts on land, too, but to a first approximation, basalt is an oceanic rock. Compared to the familiar granite of the continents, …

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  10. Basalt: Identification, Pictures & Info for Rockhounds

    Basalt is an extrusive igneous rock composed primarily of plagioclase feldspar and large amounts of mafic minerals like pyroxene. It has an aphanitic texture, meaning its interlocking crystals cannot be seen by the naked eye. It is usually …

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  11. Flood basalt - Wikipedia

    A flood basalt (or plateau basalt[1]) is the result of a giant volcanic eruption or series of eruptions that covers large stretches of land or the ocean floor with basalt lava. Many flood basalts have been attributed to the onset of a hotspot …

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