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Decentralisation in France - Wikipedia
In France, the policy of decentralisation was initiated by acts of the French Parliament known as Gaston Defferre laws in 1982. Prior to the new laws French municipalities and departments enjoyed a limited autonomy under laws passed in 1871 and 1884. Decentralisation in France can be divided into three categories: … See more
This is the process of transferring power to newly created institutions and is different from the act of deconcentration of power, which is the transfer of power within the same institution. This … See more
This aspect of decentralisation takes place when central or local government decides not to directly carry out one of its powers but to transfer the power to a public body or See more
Between 1982 and 2007 total spending by Local Government grew from 56 billion euros to 168 billion euros.
Current spending
In 2007 66% of total … See moreThis aspect of decentralisation is geared to giving the territorial collectivities in France separate defined responsibilities and resources and to provide for the election of representatives by the inhabitants of those territories. Again this is different from deconcentration, … See more
Local taxes and duties
In 2006 47% (89 billion euros) of local spending was covered by taxes and duties set and raised … See moreWikipedia text under CC-BY-SA license Décentralisation en France — Wikipédia
Décentralisation in France - Wikipedia
Decentralization - Wikipedia
Decentralization or decentralisation is the process by which the activities of an organization, particularly those related to planning and decision-making, are distributed or delegated away from a central, authoritative location or group …
Chronologie de la décentralisation en France — Wikipédia
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What exactly occurred differently in these two realms that states like France (and others like England and Spain) became centralized, unified kingdoms in the early Modern period while the HRE became a scrambled mess of states?
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