At the end of 1894, French Army Captain Alfred Dreyfus, a graduate of the École Polytechnique and a Jew of Alsatian origin, was accused … See more

Discovery of the "bordereau"
The staff of the Military Intelligence Service (SR) worked around the clock to spy on the German … See more

The Dreyfus family exposes the affair and takes action
Mathieu Dreyfus, the elder brother of Alfred, was … See more

Conduct of the trial
Alfred Dreyfus was in no way aware of what was happening thousands of kilometres from him. Neither was he aware of the schemes … See more

Political
In 1894, the Third Republic was twenty-four years old. Although the 16 May Crisis in 1877 had crippled the political influence of both the Bourbon and Orléanist royalists, its ministries continued to be short-lived as the country … See more

The Dreyfus affair becomes "The Affair"
On 13 January 1898, Émile Zola touched off a new dimension in the Dreyfus affair, which became … See more

Preferring to avoid a third trial the government decided to pardon Dreyfus by a decree signed by President Émile Loubet on 19 September 1899 after much hesitation. Dreyfus was not found innocent. The rehabilitation process was not completed until … See more