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Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_link_layer
Data link layer - Wikipedia
The data link layer, or layer 2, is the second layer of the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking. This layer is the protocol layer that transfers data between nodes on a network segment across the physical layer. The data link layer provides the functional and procedural means to transfer data between network entities and may also provide the mean… See more
Function
The data link provides for the transfer of data frames between hosts connected to the physical link. Within the semantics of … See more
Sublayers
The data link layer is often divided into two sublayers: logical link control (LLC) and media access control (MAC).
The uppermost sublayer, LLC, multiplexes protocols running at the top of the data link layer, and … See more
Services
The services provided by the data link layer are:
• Encapsulation of network layer data packets into frames
• Frame synchronization
• In the logical link control (LLC) sublayer: … See more
Error detection and correction
In addition to framing, the data link layer may also detect and recover from transmission errors. For a receiver to detect transmission errors, the sender must add redundant information as an error detection code to … See more
Protocol examples
• ARCnet
• ATM
• Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)
• Controller Area Network (CAN)
• Econet… See more
Relation to the TCP/IP model
In the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP), OSI's data link layer functionality is contained within its lowest layer, the link layer. The TCP/IP link layer has the operating scope of the link a host is connected to, and only concerns it… See more
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Table of Contents
Function
Sublayers
Services
Error detection and correction
Protocol examples
Relation to the TCP/IP model

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Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_model
OSI model - Wikipedia
Overview
Programming interfaces
History
Definitions
Layer architecture
Cross-layer functions
Comparison to other networking suites
See also
Neither the OSI Reference Model, nor any OSI protocol specifications, outline any programming interfaces, other than deliberately abstract service descriptions. Protocol specifications define a methodology for communication between peers, but the software interfaces are implementation-specific.
For example, the Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS) and Open Data-Link Interface (OD…
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Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_network_protocols_(OSI_model)
List of network protocols (OSI model) - Wikipedia
2 Layer 2 (data link layer) 3 Network Topology. 4 Layer 2.5. 5 Layer 3 (Network Layer) 6 Layer 3+4 (Protocol Suites) 7 Layer 4 (Transport Layer) 8 Layer 5 (Session Layer) 9 Layer 6 …
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Network Protocols
Osi Reference Model
Communications protocol
FreeCodecamp
https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/osi-model...
The OSI Model – The 7 Layers of Networking Explained in Plain …
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- Layer 1 is the physical layer. There’s a lot of technology in Layer 1 - …
  Layer 2 is the data link layer. Layer 2 defines how data is formatted for …
  Layer 3 is the network layer. This is where we send information between and …
  Layer 4 is the transport layer. This where we dive into the nitty gritty specifics …
  Layer 5 is the session layer. This layer establishes, maintains, and …
  See full list on freecodecamp.org
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What Is...
Osi Reference Model
The Data Link Layer
Networking Layers
Techopedia
https://www.techopedia.com/definition/16495/layer-2
What is Layer 2? - Definition from Techopedia
Nov 15, 2016 · Layer 2 is where data packets are encoded and decoded into actual bits. It is the protocol layer that enables the transfer of data between adjacent network nodes in a network …
Network Engineering Stack Exchange
https://networkengineering.stackexchange.com/...
Understanding the definition of layer 2 - network
Sep 11, 2021 · The data link layer provides node-to-node data transfer—a link between two directly connected nodes. That isn't correct - nodes don't need to be directly connected. It's the …
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Layer 2 Networking
The Data Link Layer
Communication Protocol
People also ask
What is the difference between Layer 2 and Layer 1?
Layer 2 provides the procedural and functional means for data transfer between network nodes and provides the means to detect and correct errors that may occur at the physical layer (Layer 1). Ethernet, which is used for multi-node local area networks (LAN), is the best example of the data link layer protocol.
What is Layer 2? - Definition from Techopedia
techopedia.com
What are Layer 2 solutions?
This is where layer 2 solutions, particularly rollups, come into play. The idea of a rollup-cetric roadmap is to offload the majority of transaction processing rollups, while Ethereum’s base layer (layer 1) focuses primarily on security, consensus, and data availability.
What Are Layer 2 Blockchains And How Do They Work? L1 vs L2 Netwo…
transak.com
What is the difference between OSI & Layer 1?
For example, Ethernet, 802.11 (Wifi) and the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) procedure operate on >1 layer. The OSI is a model and a tool, not a set of rules. Layer 1 is the physical layer. There’s a lot of technology in Layer 1 - everything from physical network devices, cabling, to how the cables hook up to the devices.
The OSI Model – The 7 Layers of Networking Explained in Plain English
freecodecamp.org
What is the data unit on Layer 1?
The data unit on Layer 1 is the bit. A bit the smallest unit of transmittable digital information. Bits are binary, so either a 0 or a 1. Bytes, consisting of 8 bits, are used to represent single characters, like a letter, numeral, or symbol.
The OSI Model – The 7 Layers of Networking Explained in Plain English
freecodecamp.org
What are Layer 2 blockchains?
Source To address this, a new wave of solutions was introduced — layer 2 blockchains, or layer 2 scaling solutions — that aim to turn Ethereum into a scalable, usable financial network for the world. In this article we will explore what layer 2 blockchains are and their different times.
What Are Layer 2 Blockchains And How Do They Work? L1 vs L2 Netwo…
transak.com
What is the difference between Layer 3 & Layer 4 switching?
Layer-3 or layer-4 switches require advanced technology (see managed switch) and are more expensive and thus are usually only found in larger LANs or in special network environments. Multi-layer switching combines layer-2, -3 and -4 switching technologies and provides high-speed scalability with low latency.
Multilayer switch - Wikipedia
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Datacenters.com
https://www.datacenters.com/news/osi-model-the-7...
What is the OSI Model? A Simple Guide to the 7 Networking Layers
2 days ago · Session Layer; Transport Layer; Network Layer; Data Link Layer; Physical Layer; Understanding these layers is key to diagnosing network issues, designing efficient networks, …
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OSI model
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Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layer_2_Tunneling_Protocol
Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol - Wikipedia
In computer networking, Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) is a tunneling protocol used to support virtual private networks (VPNs) or as part of the delivery of services by ISPs.
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Network Protocols
Layer 2 Networking
Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol
Network Engineering Stack Exchange
https://networkengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/33585
layer2 - Is L2TP really a Layer 2 protocol? - Network Engineering …
Jul 28, 2016 · What layer we regard L2TP as depends on what perspective we are looking from. From the perspective of the "outer" network it looks like an application protocol. From the …
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Ethernet
L2TP
ethereum.org
https://ethereum.org/en/layer-2/learn
What is layer 2? - ethereum.org
Dec 5, 2024 · A layer 2 is a separate blockchain that extends Ethereum. How does that work? There are several different types of layer 2, each having their own trade-offs and security models.
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PCMag
https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/ter…
Definition of Layer 2 blockchain - PCMag
An independent blockchain acting in concert with Bitcoin, Ethereum or other major chain, which retroactively became known as "Layer 1 chains" or "main chains." Layer 2 chains process new ...
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Ruijie Networks
https://www.ruijienetworks.com/support/tech...
What is Layer 2 Network? | Networking Core Concepts
Aug 8, 2023 · Layer 2 is the second layer of the data link in the OSI model and is responsible for delivering data between two endpoints. It's responsible for converting electrical signals into …
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The Data Link Layer
athene.network
https://blog.athene.network/what-is-layer-2-network
What Is Layer 2 Network? Why Does It Matter?
Nov 20, 2024 · A Layer 2 Network (L2) is a secondary framework or protocol built on top of a Layer 1 blockchain, such as Ethereum or Bitcoin. Layer 1 refers to the base blockchain, which …
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Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilayer_switch
Multilayer switch - Wikipedia
A multilayer switch (MLS) is a computer networking device that switches on OSI layer 2 like an ordinary network switch and provides extra functions on higher OSI layers.The MLS was …
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Osi Reference Model
Layer 2 Networking
Computer network
Network Switch
PrivacySavvy
https://privacysavvy.com/security/safe-browsing/...
What is the Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP)? - PrivacySavvy
Aug 23, 2024 · The Layer Two Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) is a protocol used by both Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). The prowess that L2TP can …
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Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol
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ambire.com
https://blog.ambire.com/blockchain-layers-differences-explained
Layer 1 vs. Layer 2 vs. Layer 3 Blockchains Explained
Sep 19, 2023 · What is a Layer 2 Blockchain? Layer 2 blockchains are secondary frameworks or protocols created on top of an existing blockchain. These layers aim to solve the inherent …
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Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security
Transport Layer Security - Wikipedia
Transport Layer Security (TLS) is a cryptographic protocol designed to provide communications security over a computer network, such as the Internet.The protocol is widely used in …
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Computer network
Communications protocol
Transport Layer Security
Forbes
https://www.forbes.com/sites/danielgoldman/article/...
What Is A Crypto Layer 2 And How Does It Work? - Forbes
Jun 18, 2023 · Layer 2 systems, called “L2s,” have emerged to address this scalability bottleneck, offering users cheaper and faster transactions while maintaining strong security guarantees.
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Transak
https://transak.com/blog/what-are-layer-2-block...
What Are Layer 2 Blockchains And How Do They Work? L1 vs L2 …
Sep 28, 2024 · Layer 2 networks are secondary frameworks or protocols built on top of existing blockchain networks (referred to as Layer 1). The primary goal of L2s is to address the …
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Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link_layer
Link layer - Wikipedia
In computer networking, the link layer is the lowest layer in the Internet protocol suite, the networking architecture of the Internet. The link layer is the group of methods and …
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Network Protocols
Communications protocol
Link Layer
Internet Protocol Suite
Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_protocol_suite
Internet protocol suite - Wikipedia
The Internet protocol suite, commonly known as TCP/IP, is a framework for organizing the set of communication protocols used in the Internet and similar computer networks according to …
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Network Protocols
Communication Protocol
Internet Protocol Suite
Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layer_2_MPLS_VPN
Layer 2 MPLS VPN - Wikipedia
Layer 2 VPNs are a type of Virtual Private Network (VPN) that uses MPLS labels to transport data. The communication occurs between routers that are known as Provider Edge routers …
Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet_physical_layer
Ethernet physical layer - Wikipedia
The physical-layer specifications of the Ethernet family of computer network standards are published by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), which defines the …
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Computer network
Link Layer
100BASE-TX
10BASE-T
Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP/2
HTTP/2 - Wikipedia
HTTP/2 (originally named HTTP/2.0) is a major revision of the HTTP network protocol used by the World Wide Web. It was derived from the earlier experimental SPDY protocol, originally …
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What is Layer 2? - Definition from Techopedia

What Are Layer 2 Blockchains And How Do They Work? L1 vs L2 Netwo…

The OSI Model – The 7 Layers of Networking Explained in Plain English

The OSI Model – The 7 Layers of Networking Explained in Plain English

What Are Layer 2 Blockchains And How Do They Work? L1 vs L2 Netwo…

Multilayer switch - Wikipedia

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