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  1. Wikipedia
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    Shapur II - Wikipedia

    • Shapur II (Middle Persian: 𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭩 Šābuhr, 309–379), also known as Shapur the Great, was the tenth Sasanian King of Kings (Shahanshah) of Iran. He took the title at birth and held it until his death at age 70, making him the longest-reigning monarch in Iranian history. He was the son of Hormizd II (r. 302–309). His reign saw the military resurgence … See more

    Etymology

    Shapur was a popular name in Sasanian Iran, being used by three Sasanian monarchs and other notables of the … See more

    Accession

    When Hormizd II died in 309, he was succeeded by his son Adur Narseh, who, after a brief reign which lasted few months, was killed by some of the nobles of the empire. They then blinded the second, and imprisoned … See more

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    Born309
    Died379 (aged 70)
    FatherHormizd II
    MotherIfra Hormizd
    War with the Arabs (325)

    During the childhood of Shapur II, Arab nomads raided the Sasanian homeland of Pars, particularly the district of Ardashir-Khwarrah and the shore of the Persian Gulf. At the age of 16, Shapur II led an expedition against the … See more

    War with the Romans

    Ever since the "humiliating" Peace of Nisibis concluded between Shapur's grandfather Narseh and the Roman emperor Diocletian in 299, the borders between the two empires had changed largely in favor of the Romans, w… See more

    War in the East

    In the east around 350 CE, Shapur II gained the upper hand against the Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom and took control of large territories in areas now known as Afghanistan and Pakistan, possibly as a conse… See more

    Death and succession

    Shapur died in 379 and was succeeded by his slightly younger brother Ardashir II, who agreed to rule till Shapur's son Shapur III reached adulthood. At the time of Shapur's death, the Sasanian Empire was stronger than it had … See more

    Relations with the Christians

    Initially, Shapur II was not hostile to his Christian subjects, who were led by Shemon Bar Sabbae, the Patriarch of the Church of the East, however, the conversion of Constantine the Great to Christianity caused … See more

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    Table of Contents
    Etymology
    Accession
    Quick Facts
    War with the Arabs (325)
    War with the Romans
    War in the East
    Death and succession
     

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    Shapur II - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

     
  3. Wikipedia
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    Shapur II's Arab campaign - Wikipedia

    Apr 20, 2013 · The Shapur II's Arab campaign took place in 325, against numerous Arab tribes, due to the Arab incursions into the Sasanian Empire. Shapur II decisively defeated all the Arab tribes during his campaign, and …

  4. Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Martyrs_of_Persia_under_Shapur_II

    Martyrs of Persia under Shapur II - Wikipedia

  5. Britannica
    https://www.britannica.com › biography › Shapur-II

    Shāpūr II | King of Persia & Great Builder of Sasanian Empire

  7. World History Encyclopedia
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    Shapur II - World History Encyclopedia

    Feb 25, 2020 · Shapur II (r. 309-379 CE, also Sapur II) was the tenth monarch of the Sassanian Empire (224-651 CE) and among the most successful. Under his reign – which lasted his entire …

  8. fandom.com
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    Shapur II - Historica Wiki | Fandom

    Shapur II (309-379 CE) was the Emperor of the Sassanid Empire of Persia from 309 to 379, succeeding Hormizd II and preceding Ardashir II. Sasanian ruler of Persia, Shapur II was crowned while still in his mother's womb.

  9. People also ask
    Who was Shapur II?
    Shapur II (r. 309-379 CE, also Sapur II) was the tenth monarch of the Sassanian Empire (224-651 CE) and among the most successful. Under his reign – which lasted his entire life – the Avesta (Zoroastrian scripture) was committed to writing and the empire expanded at the expense of the Arab tribes, the Roman Empire, and the kingdoms of the East.

    Shapur II - World History Encyclopedia

    worldhistory.org
    Why did Shapur II defeat all Arab tribes?
    The Shapur II's Arab campaign took place in 325, against numerous Arab tribes, due to the Arab incursions into the Sasanian Empire. Shapur II decisively defeated all the Arab tribes during his campaign, and became known as Dhū al-Aktāf to the Arabs, meaning “he who pierces shoulders”.

    Shapur II's Arab campaign - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org
    Was Shapur II a great king?
    Whether the alleged brutalities ever occurred will probably never be known, however, and Shapur II is better remembered as a great king whose reign allowed for the development of the arts, sciences, religion, and the flourishing of one of antiquity's most noble civilizations.

    Shapur II - World History Encyclopedia

    worldhistory.org
    Who is Shapur I?
    A relief at Naqsh-e Rajab near Estakhr is accompanied by a Greek translation. Here Shapur I calls himself "the Mazdayasnan (worshipper of Ahuramazda), the divine Shapur, King of Kings of the Iranians, and non-Iranians, of divine descent, son of the Mazdayasnan, the divine Ardashir, King of Kings of the Aryans, grandson of the divine king Papak ".

    Shapur I - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org
    What did Shapur II do in Mesopotamia?
    Shapur II decided to move first and, in 337 CE, invaded Roman Mesopotamia and took Armenia. He then reversed the traditional Persian policy of religious tolerance and inclusion and declared a double tax on all Christians in the empire.

    Shapur II - World History Encyclopedia

    worldhistory.org
    Why did Shapur II fight the Ayad?
    The Arab wars. Sasanian-based sources state that, when Shapur II had reached the age of sixteen (325 CE), he began a campaign to pacify the Arab tribes and secure the borders of the empire (Ṭabari, p. 54; Meskawayh, p. 134). Shapur II first attacked the Ayad, who were in Iraq (the historians’ Sawād, the Sasanian province of Asuristān).

    SHAPUR II – Encyclopaedia Iranica

    iranicaonline.org
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  10. wikipedia.org
    https://vi.wikipedia.org › wiki › Shapur_II

    Shapur II – Wikipedia tiếng Việt

  11. Encyclopædia Iranica
    https://iranicaonline.org › articles › shapur-ii

    ŠĀPUR II – Encyclopaedia Iranica

  12. Wikipedia
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    Perso-Roman wars of 337–361 - Wikipedia

  13. Academic library
    https://ebrary.net › history › shapur_arabia

    Shapur II and Arabia - Rome and Persia at War: Imperial …

  14. fandom.com
    https://unbiased-history-of-rome.fandom.com › wiki › Shapur_II

    Shapur II | Unbiased History of Rome Wiki | Fandom

  15. Encyclopædia Iranica
    https://iranicaonline.org › articles › shapur-ii-old

    SHAPUR II – Encyclopaedia Iranica

  16. eranshahr.com
    https://www.eranshahr.com › shahs › shapur-ii

    Shapur II - Eranshahr

  17. Wikipedia
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    Shapur I - Wikipedia

  18. Geni
    https://www.geni.com › people › Shapur-II-Shahanshah...

    Shapur, II (c.309 - 379) - Genealogy - Geni.com

  19. Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Shapur_III

    Shapur III - Wikipedia

  20. WIKI 2
    https://wiki2.org › en › Shapur_II's_Arab_campaign

    Shapur II's Arab campaign - Wikipedia Republished // WIKI 2

  21. Wikipedia
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    Inscription of Shapur II and Shapur III at Taq-e Bostan - Wikipedia

  22. WIKI 2
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    Shapur II — Wikipedia Republished // WIKI 2

  23. Wikipedia
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    Shapur IV - Wikipedia