Due to the cohesive forces, a molecule located away from the surface is pulled equally in every direction by … See more

Surface tension, represented by the symbol γ (alternatively σ or T), is measured in force per unit length. Its SI unit is newton per meter but the cgs unit of dyne per centimeter is also used. For example,
Surface ten… See more

Several effects of surface tension can be seen with ordinary water:
1. Beading of rain water on a waxy surface, such as a leaf. Water adheres weakly to wax and strongly to itself, so water clusters into drops. Surf… See more

J.W. Gibbs developed the thermodynamic theory of capillarity based on the idea of surfaces of discontinuity. Gibbs considered the case of a sharp mathematical surface being placed somewhere within the microscopi… See more

Because surface tension manifests itself in various effects, it offers a number of paths to its measurement. Which method is optimal depends upon the nature of the liquid being measured, the conditions under which its te… See more

The surface tension of pure liquid water in contact with its vapor has been given by IAPWS as
where both T and the critical temperature TC = 647.096 K are expressed in kelvins. The region … See more