Vitamin B12 wikipedia - Search
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  2. Also known as: cobalamin deficiency
    A condition characterized by low levels of vitamin B12.
    How common is condition?
    Common (More than 200,000 cases per year in US)
    Is condition treatable?
    Treatable by a medical professional
    Does diagnosis require lab test or imaging?
    Requires lab test or imaging
    Time taken for recovery
    Can last several weeks or months
    Condition Highlight
    Common for ages 50 and older
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    Causes

    Verified Expert

    • It occurs due to decreased intake of the vitamin, increased requirements or poor absorption.
    • Decreased intake :
    • People in a strict vegan diet
    • Decreased absorption:
    • In the elderly especially due to lack of intrinsic factor that aids in B-12 absorption (pernicious anemia)
    • In people who have undergone surgery involving removal of the section of the bowel responsible for B-12 absorption
    • Atrophic gastritis
    • People on metformin for diabetes
    • People on chronic use of anti-acid drugs and protein pump inhibitors
    • The risk factors include:
    • Vegans
    • Pregnancy
    • Alcohol
    • Certain medications which block absorpition of vitamins

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    Symptoms

    Verified Expert
    Contact your provider if experiencing new, severe, or persistent symptoms.

    The symptoms include:

    • Skin pallor and yellowing of Skin
    • Extreme weakness and fatigue
    • Sensations of pins and needles due to nerve damage
    • Glossitis and mouth ulcers
    • Breathlessness and dizziness
    • Mood changes: depression, psychosis and irritability
    • Some loss in sense of touch, walking and vision problems
    • Symptoms of dementia
    • Loss of appetite and weight loss

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    Treatment

    Verified Expert

    Treatment includes a healthy diet rich in vitamin B12.

    Medication

    Vitamin B-12 injection: Used for patients with low levels of vitamin B-12.

    Hydroxocobalamin

    Vitamin B-12 supplement: Beneficial for old adults. Multivitamin capsules are used as vitamin B-12 source.

    Cobalamin

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    Diagnosis

    Verified Expert
    One or more of these tests may be recommended by your medical provider.
    Diagnosis is through measurement of B12 levels in blood.

    Common tests & procedures

    Complete blood count (CBC): To check for the presence of megaloblastic anemia.

    Methylmalonic acid test: A blood test to diagnose an early or mild vitamin B-12 deficiency.

    See more
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    WEBDec 8, 2023 · Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is essential for the health of nerve tissue, brain function, and red blood cells. Sources include meat, eggs, and some yeast products. People with a B12 deficiency may...

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