A shell, in a military context, is a projectile whose payload contains an explosive, incendiary, or other chemical filling. Originally it was … See more

Cast iron shells packed with gunpowder have been used in warfare since at least early 13th century China. Hollow, gunpowder-packed … See more

A variety of fillings have been used in shells throughout history. An incendiary shell was invented by Valturio in 1460. The carcass shell was … See more

The caliber of a shell is its diameter. Depending on the historical period and national preferences, this may be specified in millimeters, centimeters, or inches. The length of gun … See more

Gunpowder is a low explosive, meaning it will not create a concussive, brisant explosion unless it is contained, as in a modern-day pipe bomb or pressure cooker bomb. … See more

The mid–19th century saw a revolution in artillery, with the introduction of the first practical rifled breech loading weapons. The new methods … See more

Artillery shells are differentiated by how the shell is loaded and propelled, and the type of breech mechanism.
Fixed ammunition See more