Many things can be described as black boxes: a transistor, an algorithm, and even the human brain. The opposite of a black box is a system made up of inner workings that are av… See more

Within financial markets, the increasing use of black box methods poses a number of concerns. A … See more

Machine learning techniques that have greatly contributed to the growth and sophistication of black box models are closely related, particularly relevant to machine le… See more

The black box model is used in engineering to build predictive models that exist in computer code rather than in physical form. The variables can then be observed, analyzed, t… See more