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- Counterexamples are hypothetical examples that challenge a philosophical theory or argument12. Here are some examples of counterexamples in philosophy:Learn more:✕This summary was generated using AI based on multiple online sources. To view the original source information, use the "Learn more" links.It is easy for seasoned philosophers to recall a long list of hypothetical counterexamples in the philosophical literature. In ethics, there are murderers at the door and Southern sheriffs.1 In epistemology, there are Gettier cases and reliable clairvoyants.2 In metaphysics, there arewillamette.edu/undergraduate/philosophy/past-coll…
Philosophy by Counterexamples
- 1. Some philosophers attempt to analyze or explicate “ordinary” language and concepts (e.g., “folk psychology”). For the most part, the resulting philosophical accounts should respect “ordinary intuitions” about cases. ...
philosophyofbrains.com/2006/08/20/philosophy-by … - People also ask
There are two broad types of counterexample: propositional and argumentative counterexamples. Gettier cases are an example of propositional counterexamples. Aristotle put forward a proposition, the claim that “Knowledge is justified true belief”. Gettier provided an exception to that generalisation, showing that … See more
In 1963, Edmund Gettier published a short scrap of a paper entitled Is justified true belief knowledge? which, in a single blow, demolished over 2,000 years of epistemology. His … See more
If someone formulates a counterexample to a view that you hold, or if you’ve formulated a counterexample to someone else’s position and want to anticipate their potential responses, there are a few things to consider. As a general rule, don’t quibble about the … See more
How would this play out in the case of Gettier? A philosopher who had previously accepted the justified-true-belief account of knowledge would need to provide some new criterion … See more
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In philosophy, counterexamples are usually used to argue that a certain philosophical position is wrong by showing that it does not apply in certain cases. Alternatively, the first philosopher can modify their claim so that the counterexample no longer applies; this is analogous to when a mathematician modifies a conjecture because of a counterexample.
For example, in Plato's Gorgias, Callicles, trying to define what it means to say that some people …Wikipedia · Text under CC-BY-SA license- Estimated Reading Time: 7 mins
WEBPhilosophers also offer counterexamples to assess theories and positions. And many philosophers utilize research to apply epistemological concerns to current issues and …
WEBAug 17, 2020 · Jeffrey Kaplan. 414K subscribers. Subscribed. 549. 29K views 3 years ago The Mind-Body Problem. This is a short lecture video explaining one of the most common and most powerful philosophical...
WEBDescribe counterexamples for statements. Assess the truth of conditionals and universal statements using counterexamples. Specific types of statements have a particular …
WEBDescribe the Gettier problem. Recall a Gettier case and explain how it is a counterexample to the traditional account of knowledge. Identify and explain a way of thinking that …
WEB1. Counterexamples keep theorists honest. It is easy to regard counterexamples as the epistemological gold standard, as Karl Popper did. But just as there is fool’s gold as well …
WEBOne more example: Replacing terms with ‘A’, ‘B’, and ‘C’ uniformly, we identify the form: Let’s start with the conclusion and find a counterexample: So, 1. All cheetas are …
WEBCite. Permissions. Share. Abstract. This chapter describes the notion of counterexamples. Counterexamples are important for reasoning. A valid inference has a conclusion that …
WEBMar 19, 2010 · Various arguments in philosophy—presentations of counterexamples to general philosophical theories, for example—may ‘rely’, or ‘depend,’ on intuition, but …
How to Prove an Argument Invalid by a Counterexample
WEBNov 19, 2019 · The "counterexample method" is a powerful way of exposing what is wrong with an argument that is invalid. If we want to proceed methodically, there are two steps: …
Frankfurt cases - Wikipedia
WEBFrankfurt cases (also known as Frankfurt counterexamples or Frankfurt-style cases) were presented by philosopher Harry Frankfurt in 1969 as counterexamples to the principle …
2.4 Proofs and Counterexamples | Philosophical Ethics - GitHub …
WEBWe use a counterexample, which is nothing but a possible situation in which the premises would all be true and the conclusion would be false. This shows that the …
The Analysis of Knowledge - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
WEBFeb 6, 2001 · By “propositional knowledge”, we mean knowledge of a proposition—for example, if Susan knows that Alyssa is a musician, she has knowledge of the …
2.4.2: Invalidity and Counter Examples - Humanities LibreTexts
WEBMar 10, 2021 · In fact, we can use this idea of a counterexample to reword the definition of validity. To say that an argument is valid is to say that any assignment of truth values to …
Counterfactuals (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
WEBJan 18, 2019 · Counterfactuals. First published Fri Jan 18, 2019. Modal discourse concerns alternative ways things can be, e.g., what might be true, what isn’t true but could have …
Counterexample { Philosophy Index }
WEBWith respect to arguments, a counterexample is a case that shows that the argument is invalid — that is, a case (hypothetical or otherwise) where the premises are true and the …
ethics - What are some counter examples to Kant's moral …
WEBWhat are some counterexamples, like a situation in which something may seem like the right thing to do is treating someone simply as means? Or where doing the right thing …
Philosophy by Counterexamples - The Brains Blog
WEBAug 21, 2006 · It seems to me that there are three main kinds of philosophical enterprise: 1. Some philosophers attempt to analyze or explicate “ordinary” language and concepts …
Counter-examples - FutureLearn
WEBIf the argument being evaluated is deductive, then we can show it to be invalid and, therefore, bad if we can describe a counter-example. Recall this lovely example: …
Weak Counterexamples - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
WEBBeing a still open problem, Goldbach’s conjecture is by itself a weak counterexample to PEM: we have at present experienced neither its truth nor its falsity, nor do we have a …
Counterexample – Explanation and Examples - The Story of …
WEBThough mathematical examples of counterexamples abound, they are also everywhere in science, philosophy, and other disciplines. Examples. This section covers common …
'Counterexamples in Philosophy' - Philosophy Stack Exchange
WEBThe philosophical analogues of mathematical counterexamples are paradoxes. Just as an appropriate counterexample is usually quickest and slickest way to prove a …
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