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  1. Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-structure_constant

    Fine-structure constant - Wikipedia

    • In terms of other fundamental physical constants, αmay be defined as: 1. e is the elementary charge (1.602176634×10−19 C); 2. h is the Planck constant (6.62607015×10−34 J⋅Hz−1); 3. ħ is the reduce… See more

    Measurement

    The 2018 CODATA recommended value of αis This has a relative standard uncertainty of … See more

    Wikipedia
    Physical Interpretations

    The fine-structure constant, α, has several physical interpretations. αis: When perturbation theory is applied to quantum electrodynamics, the resulting perturbative expansion… See more

    Wikipedia
    Variation with Energy Scale

    In quantum electrodynamics, the more thorough quantum field theory underlying the electromagnetic coupling, the renormalization group dictates how the strength of … See more

    Wikipedia
    History

    Based on the precise measurement of the hydrogen atom spectrum by Michelson and Morley in 1887,[c] Arnold Sommerfeld extended the Bohr model to include elliptical or… See more

    Wikipedia
    Potential Variation Over Time

    Physicists have pondered whether the fine-structure constant is in fact constant, or whether its value differs by location and over time. A varying α has been proposed as a way o… See more

    Wikipedia
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    Table of Contents
    Measurement
    Physical Interpretations
    Variation with Energy Scale
    History
    Potential Variation Over Time
    What is a fine structure constant?
     

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  2. Not changed
    The fine structure constant has not changed in time. The researchers then combined their results with all the previous studies. The resulting 320 measurements, spanning from a billion years in the past to around 12 billion years in the past—a good chunk of the life of the Universe—showed that the fine structure constant is constant.

    Fine structure constant may vary with sp…

    arstechnica.com/science/2020/04/fine-structure-co…
    If the fine-structure constant had a different value, then atoms would have different sizes, chemistry would completely change and nuclear reactions would be altered.

    Life as we know it would not exist withou…

    www.space.com/fine-structure-constant-universe-…
     
  3. People also ask
    Does the fine structure constant change in time?
    The fine structure constant has not changed in time. The researchers then combined their results with all the previous studies. The resulting 320 measurements, spanning from a billion years in the past to around 12 billion years in the past—a good chunk of the life of the Universe—showed that the fine structure constant is constant.

    Fine structure constant may vary with space, constant in time

    arstechnica.com
    What is a fine-structure constant in physics?
    In physics, the fine-structure constant, also known as the Sommerfeld constant, commonly denoted by α (the Greek letter alpha ), is a fundamental physical constant which quantifies the strength of the electromagnetic interaction between elementary charged particles.

    Fine-structure constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org
    What is a fine structure constant?
    The fine-structure constant, by contrast, has no dimensions or units. It’s a pure number that shapes the universe to an astonishing degree — “a magic number that comes to us with no understanding,” as Richard Feynman described it. Paul Dirac considered the origin of the number “the most fundamental unsolved problem of physics.”

    Physicists Nail Down the ‘Magic Number’ That Shapes the Universe

    quantamagazine.org
    How can a fine-structure constant be changed?
    The fine-structure constant can be conceptually changed from 0 to its actual value, or equivalently the speed of light c from ∞ to 1 (meaning 3 ⋅ 108 m / s), to show the transition from nonrelativistic to relativistic energies for quantum numbers n = 1, 2 and 3.

    5: Spin and the fine structure - Physics LibreTexts

    phys.libretexts.org
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  4. Quanta Magazine
    https://www.quantamagazine.org/physi…

    Physicists Nail Down the ‘Magic Number’ That Shapes …

    WEBDec 2, 2020 · The fine-structure constant was introduced in 1916 to quantify the tiny gap between two lines in the spectrum of colors emitted by certain atoms. The closely spaced frequencies are seen here through a Fabry …

     
  5. Space.com
    https://www.space.com/fine-structure-constant-universe-mystery

    Life as we know it would not exist without this highly unusual …

  6. Ars Technica
    https://arstechnica.com/science/2020/0…

    Fine structure constant may vary with space, constant …

    WEBApr 28, 2020 · The fine structure constant has not changed in time. The researchers then combined their results with all the previous studies. …

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    • New Scientist
      https://www.newscientist.com/article/m…

      There's a glitch at the edge of the universe that could …

      WEBOct 6, 2018 · How could we be sure they haven’t changed over cosmological time? The fine structure constant, also known as alpha, is a case in point.

    • Science Notes and Projects
      https://sciencenotes.org/fine-structure-constant

      Fine Structure Constant - Science Notes and Projects

    • Wikipedia
      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time-variation_of...

      Time-variation of fundamental constants - Wikipedia

    • Scientific American
      https://www.scientificamerican.com/arti…

      Shifting Universal "Constants" Could Reveal Space's …

      WEBOct 24, 2014 · Even atomic clocks can detect drifts in the fine-structure constant only over days or, at most, years. If α changed by more than four parts in 10 15 over a three-year period, the best clocks ...

    • nist.gov
      https://www.physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/alpha.html

      Current advances: The fine-structure constant - NIST

    • Scientific American
      https://www.scientificamerican.com/arti…

      Physicists Achieve Best Ever Measurement of Fine …

      WEBDec 16, 2020 · The team in Paris measured the value of the fine-structure constant as 1/137.035999206, to an accuracy of 11 digits. The result appears in a study published in Nature.

    • Physics World
      https://physicsworld.com/a/changes-spotted-in-fundamental-constant

      Changes spotted in fundamental constant – Physics World

    • Physics LibreTexts
      https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Quantum...

      5: Spin and the fine structure - Physics LibreTexts

    • Phys.org
      https://phys.org/news/2022-11-technique-fine-constant.html

      Researchers report new technique to measure the fine structure …

    • MIT Technology Review
      https://www.technologyreview.com/2009/04/17/125225/...

      The hunt for changes in the fine structure constant

    • Science | AAAS
      https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1131834

      A More Precise Fine Structure Constant | Science - AAAS

    • Nature
      https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2964-7

      Determination of the fine-structure constant with an accuracy of …

    • SciTechDaily
      https://scitechdaily.com/the-secret-code-of-the...

      The Secret Code of the Universe: A Remarkable Way of …

    • Nature
      https://www.nature.com/articles/428132a

      The inconstant constant? - Nature

    • Science | AAAS
      https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aay9672

      Four direct measurements of the fine-structure constant 13 billion ...

    • ESA Science & Technology
      https://sci.esa.int/web/planck/-/32146-how...

      ESA Science & Technology - How constant is our changeable …

    • Forbes
      https://www.forbes.com/sites/startswithabang/2019/...

      Ask Ethan: What Is The Fine Structure Constant And Why Does …

    • Physics Stack Exchange
      https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/298050/...

      Is this statement about the impact of the fine-structure constant …

    • arXiv.org
      https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.01554

      Measuring the Time Variation of the Fine-structure Constant with ...