frozen section vs permanent

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World Journal of Surgical Oncology
https://wjso.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12957-021-02365-5
How accurate is frozen section pathology compared to permanent ...
Frozen section (FS) pathology has multiple limitations, and different institutions report variable experiences with the use of FS for diagnosis of tumor involvement. We aimed to compare the FS accur… See more
Study Setting and Design
This retrospective study was conducted in the Shiraz breast clinic, which is a BC referral … See more
World Journal of Surgi…
Sentinel Lymph Node FS Analysis
Tissue samples were sectioned at 2 mm intervals following dissection from adipose tissue, after which the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) tissues were prepared for FS evaluati… See more
World Journal of Surgical Oncology
Frozen Section Evaluation of Margins
Frozen section evaluation of margins was done on all quadrantectomy specimens. Orientation of specimens was done using orienting sutures with the assistance of the oncology s… See more
World Journal of Surgical Oncology
Ethical Consideration
This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. All patients gave their written and approved consent for their data t… See more
World Journal of Surgical Oncology
Statistical Analysis
Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), software for Windows, version 26. Chi-square test was used for comparison of qualitative … See more
World Journal of Surgical Oncology
Why are frozen section results compared to permanent sections?
The results were compared to the permanent sections to evaluate diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity, of frozen section test. Discordant cases were reassessed to find the reasons for discrepancy. A total of 306 frozen section specimens from 176 surgical cases were evaluated. In eleven specimens (3.59%) the diagnoses were deferred.
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Study Setting and Design
Sentinel Lymph Node FS Analysis
Frozen Section Evaluation of Margins
Ethical Consideration
Statistical Analysis
Why are frozen section results compared to permanent sections?

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Frozen section vs permanent
Frozen sections and permanent sections are two methods of preparing tissue for examination. Frozen sections are suitable for preparing tissue for some tests, such as immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry, and are a quick way of determining whether or not cancer is present in the tissue. However, the fixed (permanent) section preserves more detail and is more commonly used to make a diagnosis than frozen sections ¹ ².
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This summary was generated using AI based on multiple online sources. To view the original source information, use the "Learn more" links.
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Surgical Pathology Reports - NCI
cancer.gov
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Permanent & Frozen Sections — Virginia Breast Center
vabreastcenter.com
Frozen section vs permanent
Frozen sections are suitable for preparing tissue for some tests, such as immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. However, the fixed (permanent) section preserves more detail and is more commonly used to make a diagnosis than frozen sections.
Surgical Pathology Reports - NCI
www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/di…
Frozen section vs permanent
A pathologist prepares the biopsied tissue for examination via a "frozen section," (a procedure that takes about 30 minutes), and a "permanent section," (a procedure that takes 2 to 3 days). In brief, the frozen section is a quick way of determining whether or not cancer is present in the tissue. The permanent section is the most accurate method.
Permanent & Frozen Sections — Virgini…
www.vabreastcenter.com/ermanent-frozen-sections
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What is a frozen section?
During surgery on patients with ovarian and pelvic masses, a frozen section is conducted while the patient is under anaesthetic. The surgeon removes tissue from a suspicious mass from an ovary or a uterus and sends it to a pathologist who is present in the operating theatre for examination.
What is a frozen section examination? - Professor Andreas Obermair
obermair.info
What is the sensitivity of frozen section compared to permanent section?
The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the frozen section compared to permanent section (as gold standard) were 92.95%, 99.55%, 98.50% and 97.80% respectively. Of the 6 discordant diagnoses, two (33.3%) were due to sampling error and four (66.6%) were due to interpretative errors.
The Diagnostic Accuracy of Frozen Section Compared to Permanent Se…
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Why are frozen section results compared to permanent sections?
The results were compared to the permanent sections to evaluate diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity, of frozen section test. Discordant cases were reassessed to find the reasons for discrepancy. A total of 306 frozen section specimens from 176 surgical cases were evaluated. In eleven specimens (3.59%) the diagnoses were deferred.
The Diagnostic Accuracy of Frozen Section Compared to Permanent Se…
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
How is frozen section diagnosis compared to permanent section diagnosis?
Frozen section diagnosis is usually compared to permanent section diagnosis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy. Evaluating discrepancies, identifying deficiencies and resolving the underlying problems can improve the accuracy of frozen section ( 2 ).
The Diagnostic Accuracy of Frozen Section Compared to Permanent Se…
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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National Center for Biotechnology Information
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4539748
The Diagnostic Accuracy of Frozen Section Compared to …
WEBOct 14, 2014 · The frozen section diagnoses were compared to that of the permanent sections, to assess the accuracy of the technique. The frozen section results in …
- Author: Hossein Hatami, Zhaleh Mohsenifar, Seyed Navid Alavi
- Publication: Iran J Pathol. 2015 Fall; 10(4): 295-299.
- Publish Year: 2015
- Published: Fall 2015
Cancer.gov
https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/d…
Surgical Pathology Reports - NCI - National Cancer …
WEBFrozen sections are suitable for preparing tissue for some tests, such as immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. However, the fixed (permanent) section preserves more detail and is more commonly used …
What is a pathology report?
A pathology report (sometimes called a surgical pathology report) is a medical report that describes the characteristics of a tissue specimen that...
How is tissue obtained for examination by a pathologist?
The pathologist examines cells or tissues obtained during a biopsy (which is a procedure to remove a cell or tissue specimen for examination by a p...
How does a pathologist examine tissue?
Tissue or cell specimens must be cut into very thin slices, called sections, so the pathologist can look at them under a microscope. The specimen m...
What is the gross description on a surgical pathology report?
The gross description includes the color, weight, and size of a tissue sample as seen by the naked eye. It may also include the shape of the tissue...
What is the microscopic description on a surgical pathology report?
The microscopic description in a pathology report includes information about the appearance of the cells after they have been stained with routine...
What is the diagnosis on a surgical pathology report?
The diagnosis section of a pathology report is the pathologist’s summary of all the findings of their visual and microscopic examination of the tis...
Are molecular characteristics of a tumor included on a surgical pathology report?
Certain molecular tests, sometimes called biomarker tests , are done as part of the initial pathology analysis for all cases of a given cancer type...
What other information might be included on a surgical pathology report?
In the comments section of the pathology report, the pathologist may note unusual features of the sample, such as information about the cytogenetic...
How will I find out what's in my surgical pathology report?
The doctor in charge of a patient’s treatment will tell the patient about the findings in the pathology report and can help the patient understand...
National Center for Biotechnology Information
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9218613
Correlation between Frozen Section and Permanent …
WEBJan 17, 2022 · Frozen section diagnoses correlate with permanent histopathologic tissue diagnosis in adult orbital biopsies in greater than 90% of cases. Among non-correlated …
- DOI: 10.1159/000521075
- Published: 2022/06
- Publication: Ocul Oncol Pathol. 2022 Jun; 8(2): 141-147.
Mayo Clinic Proceedings
https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/art…
Accuracy of Frozen Section Diagnosis in Surgical …
WEBThe results in 24,880 cases (97,914 frozen section slides) processed during 1993 were compared with findings on permanent sections, and types of …
Author: Jorge A. Ferreiro, Jeffrey L. Myers, David G. Bostwick
Publish Year: 1995
Mayo Clinic Proceedings
https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/article/S...
[PDF]
Accuracy of Frozen Section Diagnosis in Surgical Pathology: …
WEBthe Mayo Clinic. Currently, frozen section diagnosis is used routinely throughout the world, although it is usually applied to a limited subset of cases that require immediate intra …
Oxford Academic
https://academic.oup.com/ajcp/article/158/6/692/6748933
Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of Frozen Section …
WEBOct 5, 2022 · A, Frozen section preparations show solid hypercellular sheets of relatively small eosinophilic cells with minimal nuclear atypia and inconspicuous nucleoli (H&E, …
PubMed
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33305753
The Diagnostic Accuracy of Frozen Section Compared to …
WEBThe overall accuracy of frozen section was 91.4% (43 cases) with 8.5% (four cases) discordant with the diagnosis, reported as false negative. None of the cases were …
PubMed
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26351500
The Diagnostic Accuracy of Frozen Section Compared to …
WEBThe overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the frozen section compared to permanent section (as gold standard) were 92.95%, …
PubMed
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34470649
How accurate is frozen section pathology compared to …
WEBSep 1, 2021 · Frozen pathology is a suitable method for identifying involved sentinel lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer, but this method has a less than optimum efficacy …
Allen Press
https://meridian.allenpress.com/aplm/article/133/7/...
Frozen Section and the Surgical Pathologist: A Point of View
WEBJul 1, 2009 · Abstract. Frozen section is a prominent point of intersection between surgeons and pathologists. It is regarded as the most definitive—but not the sole—form of …
Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/departments-centers/...
Surgery - Frozen Section Pathology Lab - Mayo Clinic
WEBJul 6, 2024 · The process allows pathologists to rapidly analyze and diagnose tissue samples while the patient is still in the operating room. The rapid turn-around of results …
National Center for Biotechnology Information
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8411544
How accurate is frozen section pathology compared to permanent ...
WEBSep 1, 2021 · Frozen section (FS) pathology has multiple limitations, and different institutions report variable experiences with the use of FS for diagnosis of tumor …
Professor Andreas Obermair
https://www.obermair.info/latest-news/blog/what-is...
What is a frozen section examination? - Professor Andreas …
WEBJun 19, 2022 · A frozen section is conducted during surgery on patients with ovarian and pelvic masses while patients are under anaesthetic. While patients are asleep, the …
Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frozen_section_procedure
Frozen section procedure - Wikipedia
WEBThe principal use of the frozen section procedure is the examination of tissue while surgery is taking place. This may be for various reasons. In the performance of Mohs surgery, it …
PathologyOutlines.com
https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/cytopathologyfrozen.html
You are being redirected... - PathologyOutlines.com
WEBOct 24, 2022 · Frozen section diagnosis has no immediate implications for decision making Tissue is needed for permanent processing (is unique or small or requires …
Specialist Direct
https://specialistdirectinc.com/digital-pathology...
The Frozen Sections Importance to Rapid Specimen Analysis
WEBOct 1, 2019 · The permanent sections provide more accurate results than a frozen section.
Virginia Breast Center
http://www.vabreastcenter.com/ermanent-frozen-sections
Permanent & Frozen Sections — Virginia Breast Center
WEBA pathologist prepares the biopsied tissue for examination via a "frozen section," (a procedure that takes about 30 minutes), and a "permanent section," (a procedure that …
lww.com
https://journals.lww.com/dermatologicsurgery/...
Immunostained Frozen Sections Vs Traditional Permanent …
WEBImmunostained frozen sections were assessed by a Mohs surgeon, whereas permanent paraffin sections were assessed by an external dermatopathologist. RESULTS. We …
JAMA Network
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/202100
Frozen Section Biopsy | Oncology | JAMA | JAMA Network
WEBThe frozen section biopsy can help ensure that the mass being removed is the intended tissue for removal. It can help ensure that the entire mass and its surrounding borders …
waocp.com
http://waocp.com/journal/index.php/apjcc/article/view/825
Frozen Section Versus Permanent Section in Cancer Diagnosis: …
WEBMay 15, 2022 · Frozen section provides rapid gross and microscopic diagnosis in guiding intra or perioperative management of a patient, including nature and type of lesion …
BMC Cancer
https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10...
Frozen section accurately allows pathological characterization of ...
WEBNov 12, 2019 · The good agreement between intraoperative grading, myometrial invasion and their histological definition on permanent sections highlights that FS is a good …
Oxford Academic
https://academic.oup.com/ajcp/article/140/3/363/1766756
Frozen Section Diagnosis | American Journal of Clinical …
WEBSep 1, 2013 · The frozen section (FS) diagnosis in patient care is dependent on successful communication between pathologists and surgeons. However, very few studies looking …
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Intraoperative Frozen Section
What is a frozen section?The frozen section is the rapid tissue section by cooling the tissue with the help of cryostat to provide immediate report of the tissue sample. The cryostat is the instrument to freeze the tissue and also to cut the frozen tissue for microscopic section. The rapid freezing of the tissue sample converts the water into ice.
Frozen Section: Principle and Procedure | SpringerLink
link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-10-8252-8_6
What is intraoperative frozen section analysis?The intraoperative frozen section analysis consists of selecting suspicious margins, freezing samples submitting them to histological sections, usually with the aid of a cryostat, and staining them for microscopy analysis. However, this implies an increase of surgery time [ 14 – 16 ], as well as the possibility of margin damage [ 17 ].
Accuracy of frozen section in intraoperative margin
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7971883/
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Intraoperatively measured tumor size and frozen section ... - Nature
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41379-018-0056-0
Frozen Section: Principle and Procedure | SpringerLink
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-10-8252-8_6
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Intraoperative Frozen Section