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    German territorial losses, Treaty of Versailles, 1919

    What were the key points of Germany's Territorial changes?
    Key points of the meeting that are relevant to the territorial changes of Germany are as follows: There was an agreement that the priority would be the unconditional surrender of Nazi Germany. After the war, Germany would be split into four occupied zones, with a quadripartite occupation of Berlin as well, prior to unification of Germany.
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    Territorial evolution of Germany - Wikipedia

    The territorial evolution of Germany in this article include all changes in the modern territory of Germany from its unification making it a country on 1 January 1871 to the present although the history of "Germany" as a territorial polity concept and the history of the ethnic Germans are much longer and much more complex. Modern Germany was formed when the Kingdom of Prussia unified most of the German states, with the exception of multi-ethnic

    The territorial evolution of Germany in this article include all changes in the modern territory of Germany from its unification making it a country on 1 January 1871 to the present although the history of "Germany" as a territorial polity concept and the history of the ethnic Germans are much longer and much more complex. Modern Germany was formed when the Kingdom of Prussia unified most of the German states, with the exception of multi-ethnic Austria (which was ruled by the German-speaking royal family of Habsburg and had significant German-speaking land), into the German Empire. After the First World War, on 10 January 1920, Germany lost about 13% of its territory to its neighbours (not including its colonies Germany also lost at the same time ), and the Weimar Republic was formed two days before this war was over. This republic included territories to the east of today's German borders.

    The period of Nazi rule from the early 1930s through the end of the Second World War brought significant territorial losses for the country. Nazi Germany initially expanded the country's territory dramatically and conquered most of Europe, though n…

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    Part of the motivation behind the territorial changes is based on historical events in the Eastern and Central Europe. Migrations to the East that took place over more than a millennium led to pockets of Germans living throughout Central and Eastern Europe as far east as Russia. The existence of these enclaves was sometimes used by German nationalists, such as the Nazis, to justify territorial claims.
    The territorial changes of Germany after World War II can be interpreted in the context of the evolution of global nationalism and European nationalism.

    The latter half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century saw the rise of nationalism in Europe. Previously, a country consisted largely of whatever peoples lived on the land that was under the dominion of a particular ruler. As principalities and kingdoms grew through conquest and marriage, a ruler could wind up with many different ethnicities under his dominion.

    The concept of nationalism was based on the idea of a "people" who shared a common bond through race, religion, language and culture. Furthermore, nationalism asserted that each "people" had a right to its own state. Thus, much of European history in the latter half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century can be understood as efforts to realign national boundaries with this concept of "one people, one state". Many interior conflicts were a result of more or less pressurising citizens of alternative ethnicities and/or other native languages to assimilate to the ethnicity dominant in the state. Switzerland was the exception, lacking a common native language.

    Much conflict would arise when one nation asserted territorial rights to land outside its borders on the basis of an ethnic bond with the people living on the land. Another source of conflict arose when a group of people who constituted a minority in one nation would seek to secede from the nation either to form an independent nation or join another nation with whom they felt stronger ties. Yet another source of conflict was the desire of some nations to expel people from territory within its borders because people did not share a common bond with the majority of people of that nation.

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    In 1701, the Kingdom of Prussia was established, which then expanded at the expense of the weakening neighboring powers. During the Great Northern War, in 1720, Prussia took a part of Swedish Pomerania with the city of Szczecin from Sweden. During the Silesian Wars, Prussia annexed the bulk of Silesia from the Habsburg monarchy in 1742. During the Partitions of Poland between 1772 and 1795, Prussia seized 141,400 km2 (54,600 sq mi) of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth's western territory, including the regions of Greater Poland, Gdańsk Pomerania, Kuyavia, Warmia, northern and western Mazovia, and the Duchy of Siewierz, including the Polish capital of Warsaw. Subsequently, renaming them as South Prussia, West Prussia, New East Prussia and New Silesia. After the annexation of the Polish territories, Frederick the Great immediately sent 57,475 German families to the newly conquered lands in order to solidify his new acquisitions, and abolished the use of the Polish language. During the Napoleonic Wars, Prussia lost control of parts of the annexed Polish territories, which became the short-lived Polish Duchy of Warsaw in 1807.

    Following the Napoleonic Wars, Prussia annexed several territories per the Congress of Vienna, that is Rhineland and Saarlouis from France, the western part of the just dissolved Duchy of Warsaw with the Chełmno Land and most of Greater Poland and Kuyavia, Lower Lusatia from Saxony, and the remainder of Swedish Pomerania with Stralsund from Sweden.
    The Prussian-led North German Confederation, founded in 1866, was combined with the southern states of Baden, Württemberg, Bavaria and Hesse and the formerly French newly merged Alsace–Lorraine to form the states and imperial territory of German Empire in 1871. In some areas of Prussia's eastern provinces, such as the Province of Posen, the majority of the population was Polish. Many Lorrainians were by native language French. Many Alsatians and Lorrainians of German language clung to France (see Député protestataire [fr]), despite their native languages.
    Britain ceded Heligoland to Germany in 1890 in accordance with the terms of the Heligoland–Zanzibar Treaty. The Heligolanders, then still prevailingly fluent in their Heligolandic dialect of North Frisian, adopted German citizenship, like many other Frisians of Germany along the North Sea coast.
    The only territory that Germany annexed during the First World War was the German-Belgian-Dutch condominium Neutral Moresnet. Since 1914, Germany occupied the territory, and on 27 June 1915, it was annexed as part of Prussia. The annexation never received international recognition (is not known whether the other Central Powers recognized the annexation).
    As part of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, Russia's new Bolshevik (

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