Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) block the gastric hydrogen potassium ATPase (H /K ATPase) and inhibit gastric acid secretion. These drugs have emerged as the treatment of choice for acid-related diseases, including See more

Acid secretion by the human stomach results in a median diurnal pH of 1.4. This very large (>10 -fold) H gradient is generated by the … See more

Pantoprazole
The story of pantoprazole's discovery is a good example of the stepwise development of PPIs. The main focus of modification of timoprazole was the benzimidazole part of its structure. Addition of a See more

Even though consumption of food stimulates acid secretion and acid secretion activates PPIs, PPIs cannot inhibit all pumps. About 70% of pump enzyme is inhibited, as PPIs have a short half-life and not all pump enzymes are activated. It takes … See more

PPIs can be divided into two groups based on their basic structure. Although all members have a substituted pyridine part, one group has linked … See more

In the year 1975, timoprazole was found to inhibit acid secretion irrespective of stimulus, extracellular or intracellular. Studies on … See more

The disulfide binding of the inhibitor takes place in the luminal sector of the H /K ATPase were 2 mol of inhibitor is bound per 1 mol of active site H /K ATPase. All PPIs react with cysteine 813 in the loop between TM5 and TM6 on the H /K ATPase, fixing the … See more