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  2. The modern shopping mall came into being soon after World War II. Malls came not only to dominate the retail scene, but helped undermine traditional city centers, promote urban sprawl, reshape commercial patterns, and foster the decline and eventual demise of many department stores in the process.
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    The modern shopping mall came into being soon after World War II. Malls came not only to dominate the retail scene, but helped undermine traditional city centers, promote urban sprawl, reshape commercial patterns, and foster the decline and eventual demise of many department stores in the process.
    smithsonianassociates.org/ticketing/programs/shop…

    Before Southdale, malls operated much like traditional store-lined streets, with their entrances facing outward along a single-story—in Southdale, Gruen invented the idea of a two-story,...

    www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/death-and-r…

    Austrian-born architect Victor Gruen developed the concept of the suburban indoor mall — anchored by department stores and filled with specialty shops — as a counterpoint to the urban sprawl and chaotic downtowns that characterised most US cities.

    www.abc.net.au/news/2022-10-14/history-shoppin…

    The father of the American shopping mall, the Austrian-born architect Victor Gruen, envisioned the mall as a sort of European-style town center for the American suburbs. He saw malls as...

    www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/transformati…

    Silicon Valley inventor George Cokely, who also invented the Pet Rock, came up with a modern solution to one of the supermarket industry's oldest problems: stolen shopping carts. It's called Stop Z-Cart.

    www.thoughtco.com/history-of-shopping-malls-407…
     
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  4. The Death And Rebirth of the American Mall

    WEBNov 25, 2014 — Before Southdale, malls operated much like traditional store-lined streets, with their entrances facing outward along a single-story—in Southdale, Gruen invented the idea of a two-story,...

     
  5. The history of the mall, from its origins in the 50s to the dead …

  6. The Transformation of the American Shopping Mall

  7. The First Shopping Mall in America - ThoughtCo

    WEBMar 31, 2018 — Silicon Valley inventor George Cokely, who also invented the Pet Rock, came up with a modern solution to one of the supermarket industry's oldest problems: stolen shopping carts. It's called Stop Z-Cart.

  8. Brief History of Shopping Malls in America and in U.S.

    WEBApr 30, 2021 — The first American shopping mall, founded by J.C. Nichols Company, opened in 1922 in Missouri. The Country Club Plaza revolutionized shopping during those years. This was the first time …

  9. The History and Future of the Shopping Mall - Smithsonian …

  10. The Rise and Fall of the Mall - The Nation

    WEBDec 12, 2022 — The shopping mall has a great many antecedents: the opulent markets of Victorian London, the arcades of Paris, and the department stores in the United States that could swallow an entire city...

  11. The rise and fall of the American mall - Business Insider

    WEBApr 13, 2021 — The story of the mall begins in the 1950s, when America was experiencing an unprecedented economic boom. The middle class had more money to spend than ever before, and they were spending it on...

  12. The Once and Future Shopping Mall - Governing

    WEBIn perhaps the most startling transformation, Gruen’s Southdale Center in Minnesota, the first of the fully enclosed malls of the 1950s, is being re-created as a multipurpose development that ...

  13. As COVID Slams Retail, Remember the Origin of …

    WEBOct 28, 2020 — By the mid-1950s, Gruen’s vision had been realized in the Northland Center in suburban Detroit and the Southdale Center in Edina, Minn.—developments that propelled Gruen to nationwide fame...

  14. The Rise and Fall of the American Shopping Mall - VICE

  15. Shopping Malls - Encyclopedia.com

  16. The Death and Rebirth of the American Shopping Mall: Part 1

  17. Evolution Of The Shopping Mall: Past, Present, And Future

  18. Shopping mall - Wikipedia

  19. The rise and fall of the American shopping mall - Business Insider

  20. 5 clever ways that malls are being reinvented across the U.S.

  21. The US invented shopping malls, but China is writing their next …

  22. The Economic History of the Shopping Mall - Richmond Fed

  23. First Shopping Malls in the United States - WorldAtlas

  24. Reinvent or Die: The Transformation of Malls Under The New

  25. The rise and fall of the US mall - World Finance

  26. Turning Dead Malls Into Community Assets - Forbes