• The causes include:
• Plague is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis
• The bacteria are transmitted by fleas which have fed on infected rodents (rats, rabbits, squirrels)
• The fleas can spread by handling infected animals, eating infected animals or by scratches or bites from infected domestic cats
• A rare deadliest form, pneumonic plague can be spread from person to person by coughing The bacterium into The air

• Plague vaccine
• Rodent proofing- removing potential nest areas, and not leaving food in such areas
• Keeping pets free of fleas by using flea-control products
• Wearing gloves when handling potentially infected animals
• Using insect repellent to avoid fleas

If not treated immediately, it may lead to

• Death- plague is associated with high fatality
• Gangrene- due to formation of blood clots that disrupts blood flow
• Meningitis- inflammation of the meninges

Treatment options include antibiotics and supportive care.

Medication

Antibiotics: Strong antibiotics are prescribed to fight the infection.

Gentamicin . Doxycycline . Ciprofloxacin . Levofloxacin