The navigability of arctic sea routes depends primarily on the expanse of the floe, since it prevents naval traffic for a part of the year. The fluctuation of the area covered by sea ice determines the time windows during … See more

The governance of the NEP has developed considerably in the late 20th century and early 21st century. The main sources of governance are the United Nations Convention … See more

The development of arctic shipping routes has not gone uncontested, with concerns being raised about existing challenges that must be overcome. The UK Government Office for Science lists … See more

• White Sea–Baltic Canal See more

Various projections indicate that the ice floe will greatly diminish in the future, and might even disappear by the end of the century. The … See more

Time efficiency
The commercial interest of the Arctic shipping routes lies in the shorter travel distances they offer … See more

In 2011 the Arctic countries, organized through the Arctic Council, signed the first binding circumpolar treaty, the Cooperation on Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue in the Arctic. With it they officially established the areas of responsibility of … See more