The region was originally called Sapta Sindhu Rivers, the Vedic land of the seven rivers originally: Saraswati, Indus, Sutlej, Jehlum, Chenab, Ravi, and Beas. The Sanskrit name … See more

Company rule
On 21 February 1849, the East India Company decisively defeated the Sikh Empire at the Battle of Gujrat bringing to an end the Second Anglo-Sikh War. Following the victory, the East India Company annexed … See more

In the immediate aftermath of annexation, the Sikh Khalsa Army was disbanded, and soldiers were required to surrender their weapons and return to agricultural or other pursuits. The See more

In 1854, the Punjab education department was instituted with a policy to provide secular education in all government managed institutions. Privately run institutions would … See more

Geographically, the province was a triangular tract of country of which the Indus River and its tributary the Sutlej formed the two … See more

Within a few years of its annexation, the Punjab was regarded as British India's model agricultural province. From the 1860s onwards, … See more

In 1853, the Viceroy Lord Dalhousie issued a minute stressing the military importance of railways across India. In the Punjab, however, it was initially strategic commercial … See more