Bubbles under the sea are formed when air is entrapped within the flow associated with breaking waves and rain impacting the sea surface. The turbulence and surfactants under these conditions trap the air, forming persistent bubbles that stick together through surface tension. Deep sea vents can emit harmful gases, such as hydrogen sulphide, which form small bubbles that shrink once they leave the vent, as the gases dissolve into the ocean. ^{ncesc.com 1 2}