Female wolves are also referred to as she-wolves or luna wolves. The alpha female often takes an active role of dominance in the pack and is the only one to breed (with the alpha male). Female wolves have different roles in the wolf pack and may engage in different activities depending on the pack and their rank. In some packs, the female alpha wolf takes an active leadership role, while they focus more on raising and caring for pups in others. In this article, we’ll talk more about the female wolf. What Is a Female Wolf Called? A female wolf is called a she-wolf or luna wolf, depending on their status and rank in the pack. Luna wolf is another term for the alpha female, the counterpart to the alpha male. She-wolf is usually used for all female wolves, from alphas to omegas. What Is a She-Wolf? A female wolf is known as a she-wolf. She-wolves are the ones carrying pups (giving birth), as well as caring for them after birth. She-wolves can have different ranks in the pack, from alpha to omega (respectively the highest and lowest rank). The term she-wolf has no positive or negative meaning but is merely used to describe the gender of the wolf. The main responsibility of she-wolves is reproduction. While it’s only the alpha couple who’ll mate, all-female wolves have the ability to do so. Female wolves are known to be very protective of their younglings. She-wolves that are not alphas will typically either join in on the hunt, or they’ll help with caring for the wolf pups. As female wolves, they can also hold more power than you might think. Female wolf packs tend to be matriarchal (led by a female), and some alpha females will attack other she-wolves in order to maintain control of the pack. The Luna Wolf has her part in Roman Mythology. In the Roman myth about Luna Wolves, it was this kind of wolf that took in, protected, nursed, and sheltered the twins Romulus and Remus after they were abandoned in the wild, as was the order of King Amulius of Alba Longa. The Luna wolf cared for the children at her den, a cave known as the Lupercal. This was until they were discovered by Faustulus the shepherd. In Greek mythology, Luna is the goddess of the moon. This may be why Luna wolves are another term for alpha females. What Is a Luna Wolf? Luna wolves are alpha female wolves. Similar to the alpha male, they are at the top of the pack hierarchy, having earned the respect of the rest of the pack. The luna wolf typically won’t join hunting parties, as they have to take care of the pups. As these pups grow older, the alpha female will join in on hunting though. The alpha male and female form the breeding pair. These are the two wolves of the pack that’ll mate and has pups. Related: Luna Wolf What Does a Luna Wolf Do? A luna wolf has a lot going on. She runs the pack alongside her male counterpart or alpha male. Her main responsibility is to reproduce though, being the one to breed. Luna wolves have been known to run up to 30 miles per hour and are excellent hunters.

These terms are used to describe wolf packs and their hierarchy. But what do they really mean? In the wolf world, the alpha wolf is the leader of the group, the beta wolf is the second in command, the mid-ranking wolf is in the middle of the rank, and the omega wolf is the most submissive at the bottom of the totem pole. Read below for more information about wolves and wolf pack ranks and how they affect wolf society. The alpha position consists of two wolves, an alpha male, and an alpha female, also known as the Luna Wolf. The two work together to lead the pack and maintain order. The alpha wolf is considered the largest and strongest wolf in the pack and is responsible for protecting the pack, dealing with threats to the pack’s survival, making decisions, and leading hunts. The alpha wolf also eats first and will have his pick of mates. He may pick a female wolf from the pack with whom he will remain paired. However, he may choose to separate from his mate and find another desirable female to mate with. Sometimes, the alpha wolf may not necessarily be the biggest or strongest wolf in the pack; rather, he or she may be the wolf that has been able to assert dominance over the others. The alpha wolf maintains his or her position through aggression, intimidation, and physical strength, especially when challenged by a subordinate wolf from his park. If the alpha is too old or sickly, he may choose to concede when challenged by a younger wolf and leave his pack. And if the alpha dies or he is run off from his pack, the second most dominant wolf in the group automatically assumes the position. Also known as the luna wolf, the alpha female gets her position from her association with the alpha male. So, she might not be the strongest or most dominant female in the group.

Wolves are highly intelligent, social animals living in complex groups called packs. A wolf pack is another name for an extended family of wolves which consists of between 8 to 15 individuals. Get your favorite animal book here. Wolf packs usually consist of blood-related members. In general, it’s a group of an alpha male, an alpha female, and their offspring. A well-established hierarchy exists where every member has its role and rank. A pack is not just a group of wolves who hunt together but a group of animals who live, bond, and share knowledge across many generations. Every wolf is included in raising the pups, and every wolf must obey and follow the rules. A wolf pack is a perfect example of well organized and structured group where everyone cares for each other. They play together, they take care of each other when someone is sick or injured, and they mourn and suffer when a member of the pack dies. Here are the most common types of members in a wolf pack. The alpha male is the dominant figure in a wolf pack, the undisputed leader who holds the highest social rank among the males. While many assume the alpha is the largest or most physically intimidating wolf, this isn’t always the case. True leadership in a wolf pack stems from a combination of strength, intelligence, confidence, and experience. The alpha male earns his position through respect, not fear, and often has a deep understanding of pack dynamics. The lush and unique photography in this book represents National Geographic’s Photo Ark, a major initiative and lifelong project by photographer Joel Sartore. DK’s Animal features stunning wildlife photography of more than 2,000 of the world’s most important wild mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, insects, and other invertebrates, written by 70 natural history specialists. Experience the full force of nature with this stunning visual encyclopedia celebrating the world’s most wonderful wildlife. The alpha female holds the highest rank among the females in the pack and stands beside the alpha male as his equal in leadership. While the alpha male often receives more attention, the alpha female is equally vital to the structure, cohesion, and survival of the pack. Together, they form the central leadership pair, often referred to as the breeding pair or the dominant pair. The alpha female typically exerts control over the other females in the group. She helps maintain social order, resolves conflicts, and sets behavioral expectations. However, dominance in a wolf pack isn’t strictly divided along gender lines—both the alpha male and alpha female have the authority to assert control over any member of the pack, regardless of sex. This shared responsibility helps ensure the entire group functions smoothly. While some alpha females are strong and assertive, not all are the most dominant or aggressive wolves. Leadership in wolf society is not solely based on force—it’s also earned through maturity, composure, and the ability to lead. In fact, when the most dominant female is closely related to the alpha male (such as a sibling), he may instead choose a mate from the lower ranks to avoid inbreeding.

Like their male counterparts, female wolves are brilliant and social animals that live in packs. An alpha male and female, the dominant pair, usually lead the group. It is not uncommon for the alpha female to take charge of the pack if her mate dies or becomes weak. In such cases, she will become the pack’s leader and ensure its members are well-fed and protected. The behaviour of female wolves can vary depending on their rank within the pack. Lower-ranking females may have to submit to other group members and be forced to do more subordinate tasks such as hunting or caring for pups. Alpha females enjoy a more privileged position within their group and often have first access to food sources and priority in meeting opportunities with males in their pack. What Is a Female Wolf Called? What Is a She-Wolf? What Is a Luna Wolf? What Does a Luna Wolf Do? What’s the Difference Between a She-Wolf and a Luna Wolf? How Long Are Wolves Pregnant? What are the common names of female wolves? What does the rank of a female wolf reflect? What is the difference between a she-wolf and a male wolf? Female wolves are fascinating creatures that exhibit complex social behaviour. They live in packs, a hierarchical society led by alpha males and females. The female wolf plays an important role in the pack’s survival, as they are responsible for nurturing and raising the young pups. Female wolves are often called luna wolves when mating with a male wolf during the breeding season. This name comes from the Latin word “luna,” which means moon a reference to howling at the moon during mating season. If playback doesn't begin shortly, try restarting your device. Videos you watch may be added to the TV's watch history and influence TV recommendations. To avoid this, cancel and sign in to YouTube on your computer. An error occurred while retrieving sharing information. Please try again later. What Is a She-Wolf? A she-wolf is a female wolf who plays a crucial role in the pack’s survival. She-wolves are typically smaller than male wolves but are equally territorial and fiercely protective of their young. They have strong maternal instincts and spend most of their time caring for their pups. In the wild, she-wolves form strong bonds with their mates and hunt for food to feed their growing family. The alpha pair in the pack usually consists of a male wolf and his mate the female wolf. The alpha pair leads the group on hunts, protects its territory from other predators, and ensures that all pack members are well-fed. She-wolves are often depicted in popular culture as symbols of strength and independence. They represent fierce protectors of not only themselves but also their families. She-wolves are the female members of wolf packs. The Luna Wolf is a female wolf that plays a significant role in Roman mythology. This mythical creature is portrayed as a powerful and majestic animal with exceptional hunting skills. The Luna Wolf was believed to be the sacred animal of the goddess of the moon, Luna. It was said that this wolf would howl at the moon every night, connecting it to both lunar cycles and feminine energy. In ancient Roman culture, wolves were often associated with strength and power. The Luna Wolves held a unique place in this mythology because of its connection to femininity. The wolf symbolized not only physical strength but also spiritual power and intuition. It was believed that those born under the wolf’s sign possessed deep wisdom and the ability to profoundly connect with their inner selves. The Luna Wolf is an integral part of Roman mythology, representing strength and femininity. What Is a Luna Wolf? Luna wolves, also known as alpha female wolves, are uniquely positioned in the wolf pack hierarchy. These females are exceptional leaders and possess extraordinary strength and intelligence. They lead their packs with grace and power, ensuring that every pack member is well cared for. Luna wolves are not born into their leadership positions; rather, they must earn them through years of proving themselves to be capable hunters and protectors. They are responsible for leading the pack during hunts, providing food for the group, protecting the young from danger, and settling disputes among other members.

In essence, wolf pack structures are primarily family-based, with social dynamics that are fluid and context-dependent. However, certain roles and titles are commonly used to describe wolf pack structures. Here’s a breakdown: The traditional understanding of wolf packs revolved around a rigid hierarchy, with each member holding a specific rank. This model, however, is now considered an oversimplification. While the term “alpha” is still used, it refers primarily to the breeding pair, usually the parents of the pack. These wolves have authority due to their parental role and experience rather than a constant struggle for dominance. Here’s a closer look at common titles: Alpha Male: Traditionally, the alpha male is seen as the leader of the pack. In reality, he is typically the father and primary breeder within the family unit. His role involves leading hunts, making decisions, and defending the pack’s territory. He is not always the physically strongest but rather the most dominant in terms of leadership and breeding rights. Alpha Female (Luna): The alpha female, often referred to as the Luna in more modern contexts, is the mother of the pack’s pups and shares leadership with the alpha male. She plays a vital role in raising the young, making important decisions concerning the pack’s well-being, and maintaining social cohesion. She isn’t simply a subordinate to the alpha male, but rather a co-leader. Beta Male/Female: The beta wolves are often considered the second-in-command. They are usually the most likely to take over the alpha role if one of the original leaders is unable to continue in their position, whether through old age, injury, or death. They may support the alpha pair in leadership tasks and often assist with hunting and guarding duties. Gamma: Historically, in fantasy contexts, the term gamma has been used to describe wolves under the betas who act like leaders during fights. They may be strong, fast, and possess other traits deemed advantageous. This is not a generally recognized rank in actual wolf packs. Zeta: The term Zeta, also a fictional addition derived from werewolf lore, is sometimes described as a war general or “left-hand” to the alpha, specializing in strategy and pack coordination. This term has no scientific basis in real wolf behavior. Sentinel: This is another term unrelated to real-world wolf behavior, sometimes attributed to roles in fictional works.

Henry, a passionate wildlife researcher, combines his expertise in biology with a knack for storytelling. He's your go-to guide for unraveling the mysteries of the animal kingdom. When not exploring remote forests, Henry enjoys photographing wildlife and capturing their essence through his lens. Sarah has a background in environmental science and is our advocate for conservation and sustainability. She's dedicated to sharing her knowledge on how we can protect our planet's diverse ecosystems. When she's not advocating for Mother Nature, you can find Sarah hiking the trails or volunteering at local wildlife rehabilitation centers. We adhere to editorial integrity are independent and thus not for sale. The article may contain references to products of our partners. Here's an explanation of how we make money. Wild Explained was founded in 2021 and has a long track record of helping people make smart decisions. We have built this reputation for many years by helping our readers with everyday questions and decisions. We have helped thousands of readers find answers. Wild Explained follows an . Therefore, you can assume that your interests are our top priority. Our editorial team is composed of qualified professional editors and our articles are edited by subject matter experts who verify that our publications, are objective, independent and trustworthy. Our content deals with topics that are particularly relevant to you as a recipient - we are always on the lookout for the best comparisons, tips and advice for you. Wild Explained operates according to an . Our comparisons are created independently of paid advertising. Wild Explained is an independent, advertising-financed publisher and comparison service. We compare different products with each other based on various independent criteria. If you click on one of these products and then buy something, for example, we may receive a commission from the respective provider. However, this does not make the product more expensive for you. We also do not receive any personal data from you, as we do not track you at all via cookies. The commission allows us to continue to offer our platform free of charge without having to compromise our independence. Whether we get money or not has no influence on the order of the products in our comparisons, because we want to offer you the best possible content. Independent and always up to date. Although we strive to provide a wide range of offers, sometimes our products do not contain all information about all products or services available on the market. However, we do our best to improve our content for you every day. What is a female wolf called? Considering the organized rankings present in packs, it’s no surprise that wolves are the rampant theme for contemporary fantasy novels. Every member of a pack has a responsibility and is named accordingly. In this article, I’ll be talking about the female members of the park, what they are called, their responsibilities in the park, and some popular myths. What is a female wolf called? What is a Luna Wolf? A Luna wolf is a female wolf that is considered to be the most important female of the wolf pack. Together with the alpha male wolf, the Luna wolf sits at the top of the pack hierarchy with several responsibilities. The Luna wolf is the female version of the alpha male. She is everything except the leader of the pack, but she is the highest-ranking female in the pack. To control the population of the wolf pack, the Luna wolf is the soul mate of the alpha male; the pair are the only members of the pack that bears pups, and the Luna wolf nurtures them until they join the pack in hunting. In addition, when the alpha male wanders off, she takes over the leadership responsibilities of the alpha wolf in his absence. What is a She-Wolf? A she-wolf is a name that describes a female wolf individual of a wolf pack. Unlike the Luna wolf, the she-wolf does not mate with the highest-ranking male and does not have special privileges within the pack. However, like every other pack member, the she-wolf has certain responsibilities. Unlike the Luna wolf, a she-wolf is almost a non-existent member of the pack. The chances of her mating with the alpha wolf are very slim. The she-wolf regularly participates in hunting and defending the territory against intruders.

Wolf packs are highly organized social structures, with a clear hierarchy and division of labor. The alpha pair, typically the pack's dominant male and female, lead the pack and are responsible for its overall well-being. The alpha pair's role is crucial, as they ensure the pack's survival and success. They are the primary hunters, and their dominance is often marked by their age, size, and strength. Subordinate wolves, including beta wolves and omega wolves, play important roles within the pack. Beta wolves often assist the alpha pair in hunting and decision-making, while omega wolves tend to be the lowest-ranking members, often serving as a "scapegoat" for the pack's mistakes. In a typical wolf pack, the alpha pair and beta wolves make up the pack's leadership, while subordinate wolves fill various roles to support the pack's functioning. The wolfpack structure is truly fascinating. Wolves have evolved to live in complex social units, with a hierarchy that's essential to their survival. The Alpha wolf is the most crucial member of the pack, often holding the top spot with an Alpha pair consisting of the oldest male and female. Below the Alphas are the Betas, who are poised to take over once the current leaders pass on. These wolves usually have a clear role in the pack, but their specific duties can vary. In wolfpacks, females are often less important than males of the same rank, a social ranking system that only applies to adult wolves. Pups are excluded from the hierarchy until they mature and start hunting, at which point they'll take on a specific role within the pack. In a wolf pack, the Beta is the second-in-command, enforcing the law when the Alpha is not present. The Beta's role is to take control of the pack if the Alpha male dies, and they have a more stable position in the pack than mid-ranking wolves. Beta wolves usually don't directly challenge an Alpha, as they understand their role and are loyal to the pack. Healers are responsible for the physical well-being of their packmates, training apprentice wolves while they're still pups. Healers are trusted advisors to the Alphas and respected by the pack, despite not being high up on the chain of command. The Beta wolf plays a crucial role in the pack, serving as the second-in-command to the Alpha. Their primary responsibility is to enforce the law when the Alpha is not present, ensuring the pack's stability and order. The Beta's position is more stable than that of the mid-ranking wolves, but their day-to-day roles are not as well-defined as those of the Alpha or Omega. Wolf packs are highly social animals, with a complex hierarchy that's essential to their survival. They live in family groups, typically consisting of a breeding pair and their offspring. The alpha pair is the top-ranking wolf in the pack, responsible for leading the group and making key decisions. They're usually the parents of the pack. Beta wolves, also known as the alpha pair's offspring, often take on a subordinate role but still have a significant influence within the pack. They can sometimes challenge the alpha pair for dominance. The omega wolf, the lowest-ranking member of the pack, often becomes a target for aggression from other pack members. This can be a result of their age, size, or other factors. Dominance hierarchy plays a crucial role in wolf pack dynamics, influencing everything from food distribution to mating opportunities. Take a look at this: Maltipoo Intelligence Ranking What is a zeta in a wolf pack? A Zeta is a war general in a wolf pack, responsible for leading the army and planning military strategies under the Alpha's command. They also train new recruits to take on leadership roles in the pack. Robin Morissette is a versatile and engaging writer with a passion for crafting compelling content. With a keen eye for detail and a love for storytelling, Robin brings a unique perspective to their writing. Their portfolio showcases a range of topics, from in-depth explorations of the Havanese breed, to informative articles on canine origins.

Here is how a wolf pack is generally constructed. 1. Alpha Pair (Male and Female) The alpha pair – alpha female and alpha male – are thought to be the leaders of a wolf pack. These wolves are essentially the oldest wolves in a pack. As such, they are also the parents of the rest of the pack, which naturally makes them leaders of the pack. It is because of this that they are perceived as the alpha pair. Alpha wolves are the most important part of the wolf pack. They lead the rest of the pack and command it. They decide where the pack will go and what they will do. However, they also have great responsibility – to protect the pack and provide for it. In some packs, the alpha pair lead from the front as they find themselves at the front of the pack when they move around. However, often, the alpha pair will also be at the rear of the pack. The purpose of this is to protect the pack when it is on the move and enable it to survive in the wild. The alpha male is normally the strongest male of the pack, but this isn’t always the case. The alpha female is the companion of the alpha male and the mother of the wolf puppies and the rest of the pack. Related Article: Wolf vs Mastiff 2. Beta Pair (Beta Male and Female) The beta pair of wolves are the second-oldest members of a wolf pack. They are subordinate to alpha wolves in the pack, but they are next in line to become the alpha wolves of the pack. In larger packs, there is a second-in-command which is usually the beta male of the pack. In other cases, beta males are also determined who is the second-oldest member of the pack. In smaller wolf packs, there is no clear beta male since there might not be many competitors for this spot. Like with the alpha male of the pack, the concept of the beta male is largely overplayed. For example, many people view the beta male as the subordinate to the alpha male and thus the less dominant wolf of the pack. This means that the beta male is seen as “something less” than the alpha male. This translates to human social structure where some individuals are seen as the beta males because of this. This is a largely simplified concept, but the crux of it is partly true – the betas are usually subordinate to the alphas. 3. Middle of the Pack Larger wolf packs have many wolves that are stuck in the middle of the pack. They belong to neither the beta wolves or the omega wolves, but they remain in the middle. Most of these wolves are subordinate to alpha and the beta wolves of the pack as they follow them around and look to thrive.

What is a Luna Wolf? The term luna is used for the female wolf, which is the leader of the pack. The female luna wolf is the dominant animal of the pack, leading the pack and making critical decisions. Moreover, the Luna wolf is responsible for maintaining the discipline and social structure of the pack. And it is the only female wolf breed with an alpha male wolf in a pack. The primary duty of a luna female wolf is propagating the animal species by giving birth to pups. As in the pack, only alpha male and alpha female mates in the breeding season. The alpha male and female wolf mate once a year and reproduce on average nearly 4 to 6 pups per litter. What is a she-wolf? It is a specific term used for female wolves, which is used for other female wolves of the pack. This compound word is derived from the American vocabulary, which means the female wolf. This term doesn’t inherently imply a negative or positive connotation concerning the animal on its own. Moreover, in colloquial terms, she-wolf is used for predatory women. Furthermore, this name is also believed to come from their predatory behavior. There are many responsibilities on a female or she-wolf. Such as giving birth to the pup and looking after them. Plus, the she-wolves don’t have any specific position. It varies from alpha to omega, which means from highest to lowest rank wolves. What is a Female Wolf Called? The term used for a female wolf is a she-wolf. When do female wolves breed? Female wolves typically breed between January and April, with the alpha female having a short estrus period of about 5 to 7 days during this time. The mating season for wolves can vary, but it generally falls between late winter and early spring. What is an Omega Female Wolf? An Omega Female Wolf is a wolf that holds a lower rank in the pack hierarchy, often found at the outskirts of the pack. Omega wolves can be both male and female and are also referred to as dispersers. They are not part of the dominant couple that leads the pack, unlike the Alpha and Luna wolves. Omega wolves are typically the last to eat from a prey killed by the pack. What is a Luna Wolf? A Luna wolf is a female wolf that is a queen of the pack. With the alpha male, the female Luna wolf is at the top of the pack hierarchy with major responsibilities. Hi, I’m Olivia Kepner and I am a zookeeper here in San Diego. Since I was a young girl I have always been fascinated by animals and species across the globe. I used to beg my parents to take me to our local zoo every single weekend. Well, I say local – it was more like a two hour drive away. But they took me as much as they could, allowing me to fall in love with the animals again and again. Are Kangaroos Born Without Hind Legs? A Fascinating Journey - 2024-05-30 A female wolf called by different names in a pack. It depends on her position, like the alpha- the wolf is used for only...

What Is the Role of a Female Wolf? Wolves are among the most complex species to have ever walked the earth. Aside from being incredibly intelligent, they also respect a certain hierarchy among their pack to work as a team and survive. So, what is the role of the female wolf? The primary role of a female wolf is to reproduce and take care of its offspring. They often stay behind to nurse the young while the males go out to hunt. Nevertheless, she-wolves are excellent hunters and often join the males to search for food once the pups are big enough. But aside from being great mothers, there’s so much more about female wolves that you can uncover. Can females be alphas? Why are she-wolves so important in Roman mythology? These are just some of the questions that this article will dive into. How Can You Tell a Male From a Female Wolf? Can a Female Wolf Be a Leader? Can a Female Wolf Be an Alpha? What Is a Female Wolf Leader Called? What Does a Luna Wolf Do? Does a Female Wolf Protect the Male? Is a She-Wolf a Real Animal? What’s the Difference Between a She-Wolf and a Luna Wolf? What Is a Sigma Wolf? What Is Ultima Wolf? Do Wolves Mate for Life? What Is an Omega Female? How Can You Tell a Male From a Female Wolf? Female wolves are distinguishable because they have relatively smaller bodies compared to male wolves. To be more specific, here are the key distinctions between male and female wolves: On average, male wolves are noticeably bigger and bulkier than females. This is because the males are responsible for hunting, protecting the pack, and fighting for dominance. That makes them easy to spot when you’re observing wolves from a distance. For your reference, here is a table to help you visualize their size differences. Another notable distinction between male and female wolves lies in their fur. Male wolves are known to have longer and shaggier fur. It makes them appear fluffier than the females. If you happen to be lucky enough to stand close to wolves, you can also observe the shape of their heads. Females have a narrower muzzle compared to the more squarish masculine muzzles of the males. This gives women a more fox-like head shape, making them more distinguishable up close. Nevertheless, these distinctions may not always be accurate. This is especially true in the case of young male wolves who happen to look smaller than adult males. The best way to determine a wolf’s gender is by looking at its genitals. Male wolves have visible penile sheaths at the bottom of the abdomen. From behind, they likewise have a pair of testes that hang low during the mating season – making them easy to spot from January through March. What Is a Female Wolf Leader Called? A female wolf leader is called the luna wolf. It remains a mystery today why female leaders are called luna. Some speculate that the name stems from the connection that wolves have with the moon – since “luna” means “moon” in Spanish. On the other hand, it must also be noted that the Latin word for “wolf” is lupus, with the female term being “lupa.” It can be inferred that the term has simply evolved from its Latin name over the years. What Does a Luna Wolf Do? The luna wolf has many responsibilities within the pack. Primarily, she is responsible for reproduction and child-rearing. Since the alpha pair is the only wolf couple entitled to breed every mating season, there’s no denying that the alpha female is in charge of giving birth to new pups. She is also responsible for feeding the pups and ensuring they grow and become useful to the pack. Fortunately for luna, she gets help from other female wolves in taking care of the young. Being the alpha wolf that she is, the luna also joins the males in hunting for food. This is especially true once the pups have grown into young adults. Often, it is also the luna wolf who teaches the pups how to hunt. She is also responsible for making sure that the females in the pack respect her authority. This is done through acts of dominance, such as standing tall or standing over.