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  1. Hepatitis B - Overview

    Verified Expert
    Also known as: HBV, hep B
    A serious infection of the liver caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV).
    Condition Highlight
    Urgent medical attention is usually recommended by healthcare providers
    How common is condition?
    Common (More than 200,000 cases per year in US)
    Is condition treatable?
    Treatments can help manage condition, no known cure
    Does diagnosis require lab test or imaging?
    Often requires lab test or imaging
    Is condition preventable by vaccine?
    Usually preventable by vaccine
    How is condition transmitted?
    Transmitted through direct contact
    Condition Highlight
    More common in males
    See more

    Causes

    Verified Expert

    An infection caused by virus hepatitis B. The risk factors include:

    • HBV is transmitted through direct exposure to the virus which may include contacts such as:
    • Infected blood, semen, or other body fluids
    • Unprotected sexual contact with an Infected person
    • Sharing contaminated needles and syringes
    • Accidental needle sticks, commonly reported in healthcare workers
    • Infected mother to child during child birth
    • Homosexuality in men
    • Transfusion of Infected blood or blood products
    • Transplantation of Infected organs

    See more

    Symptoms

    Verified Expert
    Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms.

    Common symptoms are:

    • Yellow coloring of the skin and the whites of the eyes (jaundice)
    • Dark urine
    • Pale colored stools
    • Pale coloured stools
    • Pain in the area of liver or abdominal Pain
    • Joint Pain
    • Fever
    • Itching all over the body
    • Nausea and vomiting
    • Loss of appetite
    • Extreme fatigue and weakness

    See more
    Hepatitis B - World Health Organization (WHO)
    WHO

    Treatment

    Verified Expert

    Chronic form of the infection is not curable, but HBV is preventable by vaccination.

    Medication

    Antivirals: Cannot clear the infection but can stop the replication of the virus and minimize liver damage.

    Lamivudine . Adefovir . Entecavir

    Immunomodulators: Reduces the viral load by preventing replication of viruses. Response differs with genetic variations of the virus.

    Interferon alfa-2b

    See more
    Microsoft Start Health

    Diagnosis

    Verified Expert
    One or more of these tests may be recommended by your medical provider.
    To check for infection or other causes of the symptoms, tests are performed to detect the presence of Hepatitis B antigens and antibodies such as HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb), and hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb). The presence of HBsAg indicates that the person is infectious; the presence of HBsAb may indicate recovery and immunity from HBV infection, or successful immunization against HBV.

    Common tests & procedures

    Antigen test: A blood test to detect the presence of HBsAg which confirms the infection.

    Transient elastography: An ultrasound test which helps in detecting the amount of liver damage.

    Biopsy: Extracting a small piece of the liver to assess the extent of damage to liver.

    See more
    Source: Focus Medica. For informational purposes only. Consult a medical professional for advice. | Disclaimer: Opinions are from external health professionals and should not be considered as Microsoft's opinion or a substitute for professional help. Consult a health professional for medical advice.
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    Table of Contents
    Overview
    Causes
    Symptoms
    Treatment
    Health guide
    Diagnosis
     

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  2. Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org › diseases-conditions › ...

    Hepatitis B - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic

     
  3. Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Hepatitis_B…

    Hepatitis B virus - Wikipedia

    Hepatitis B virus causes the disease hepatitis B. Hepatitis is considered to be the leading cause of liver cancer worldwide (reference). Hepatitis B virus can be found in almost every region of the world but is most prevalent in countries …

  4. WHO
    https://www.who.int › news-room › fact-sheets › detail › hepatitis-b

    Hepatitis B - World Health Organization (WHO)

  5. Cleveland Clinic
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org › health › dis…

    Hepatitis B: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

    Dec 21, 2022 · Hepatitis B is a liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). The infection causes inflammation, which for most people is temporary.

  6. Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Hepatitis_B

    Hepatitis B - Wikipedia

    Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) that affects the liver; [1][6] it is a type of viral hepatitis. [7] . It can cause both acute and chronic infection. [1] Many people have no symptoms during an initial infection.

  7. CDC
    https://www.cdc.gov › hepatitis-b › about

    Hepatitis B Basics | Hepatitis B | CDC - Centers for …

    Hepatitis B is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). HBV infection can be short (acute) or long-term (chronic). About 1 in 2 people with hepatitis B do not know they are infected.

  8. WebMD
    https://www.webmd.com › hepatitis › diges…

    Hepatitis B: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

    Mar 22, 2024 · Hepatitis B is liver inflammation caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Find out more about the cause, symptoms, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B.

  9. CDC
    https://www.cdc.gov › hepatitis-b

    Hepatitis B | Hepatitis B | CDC - Centers for Disease …

    Learn the basics of hepatitis B, including symptoms, spread, prevention, vaccination, and treatment. Learn about hepatitis B testing, who should be tested, and how testing can protect your family. Learn about hepatitis B symptoms, …

  10. National Center for Biotechnology Information
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › books

    Hepatitis B - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf - National Center for ...

  11. MedlinePlus
    https://medlineplus.gov › hepatitisb.html

    Hepatitis B | HBV | MedlinePlus

    Oct 25, 2023 · Hepatitis B virus is a contagious liver infection spread from person-to-person via blood or body fluids. Who is at risk for HBV? Read about it here.

  12. HHS.gov
    https://www.hhs.gov › hepatitis › learn-about-viral...

    Hepatitis B Basics | HHS.gov

  13. nih.gov
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › articles

    Hepatitis B: The Virus and Disease - PMC - PubMed Central (PMC)

  14. Healthline
    https://www.healthline.com › health › hepatitis-b

    Hepatitis B: Risk Factors, Symptoms & Diagnosis - Healthline

  15. CDC
    https://www.cdc.gov › hepatitis-b › hcp › diagnosis-testing

    Clinical Testing and Diagnosis for Hepatitis B - CDC

  16. MDS Manuals
    https://www.msdmanuals.com › professional › hepatic...

    Hepatitis B, Acute - Hepatitis B, Acute - MSD Manual …

  17. Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease
    https://www.hepatitis.va.gov › products › hepatitis-b-facts.asp

    Hepatitis B Patient Fact Sheets - Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease

  18. UpToDate
    https://www.uptodate.com › contents › hepatitis-b...

    Hepatitis B virus: Overview of management - UpToDate

  19. CDC
    https://www.cdc.gov › hepatitis-b › prevention

    Hepatitis B Prevention and Control | Hepatitis B | CDC

  20. UpToDate
    https://www.uptodate.com › contents › hepatitis-b-virus...

    Hepatitis B virus: Screening and diagnosis in adults - UpToDate

  21. Gastroenterology
    https://www.gastrojournal.org › article › fulltext

    AGA Clinical Practice Guideline on the Prevention and Treatment …

  22. HCPLive
    https://www.hcplive.com › view › aga-releases-clinical...

    AGA Releases Clinical Practice Update on HBV Reactivation …

  23. CDC
    https://www.cdc.gov › hepatitis-b › media › HepBGeneralFactSheet.pdf
    [PDF]

    Hepatitis B - Basic Information - Centers for Disease Control …

  24. American Gastroenterological Association
    https://gastro.org › news › new-guideline-recommends...

    New guideline recommends antiviral drugs for patients at high …

  25. FEBS Press
    https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com › doi › full

    Endothelial lipase‐binding peptides similar to netrin‐1 inhibit ...

  26. CDC
    https://www.cdc.gov › hepatitis-b

    Hepatitis B Surveillance | 2022 Hepatitis Surveillance | CDC