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HTML, or HyperText Markup Language, is the foundational language used to create web pages. It provides the structure for web content, allowing browsers to interpret and display text, images, and other materials as intended by a web designer or developer.
Basic HTML Document Structure
An HTML document is structured between the <html> tags and primarily consists of two parts: the <head> and the <body>.
The <head> Section
The <head> section of an HTML document is where metadata about the webpage is placed. This includes the title of the page, which is displayed in the browser's title bar or tab, and can also contain links to CSS files, scripts, and other resources. The <head> might look something like this:
<head><title>Page Title</title><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="description" content="A brief description of the page"><!-- Additional links and scripts can be included here --></head>Copied!✕CopyThe <body> Section
The <body> section contains the content that will be visible to users when they visit the webpage. This can include text, images, videos, and more. The content within the <body> is structured using a variety of HTML elements, each serving a specific purpose. For example:
<body><h1>This is a Main Heading</h1><p>This is a paragraph of text that might describe something interesting.</p><img src="image.jpg" alt="A descriptive alt text for the image"><!-- More content goes here --></body>Copied!✕CopyHTML Elements and Tags
HTML elements are the building blocks of a webpage. Each element is represented by a start tag and an end tag, with the content in between. For instance, <p>This is a paragraph.</p> defines a paragraph element. Some elements, like the line break <br>, are empty and do not contain content or an end tag.
Doctype Declaration
Every HTML document begins with a doctype declaration, which is <!DOCTYPE html> for HTML5. This declaration is not an HTML tag; it is an instruction to the web browser about what version of HTML the page is written in.
Attributes
HTML elements can have attributes that provide additional information about the element. Attributes are placed within the start tag and often come in name/value pairs like name="value". For example, <a href="https://www.example.com">This is a link</a> uses the href attribute to define the URL of the link.
Nesting Elements
HTML elements can be nested within each other to create complex structures. For example, a list might be structured as follows:
<ul><li>First item</li><li>Second item</li><li>Third item</li></ul>Copied!✕CopyHere, the <ul> (unordered list) element contains multiple <li> (list item) elements.
Comments
Comments can be added to HTML documents using the syntax <!-- Comment goes here -->. Comments are not displayed in the browser but can be used to explain and annotate the code.
Case Sensitivity
HTML tags are not case-sensitive, meaning <title> and <TITLE> are interpreted the same way by browsers. However, it is a common convention and best practice to use lowercase for tags and attributes for consistency and readability.
HTML Versions
HTML has evolved over the years, with HTML5 being the latest standard. It introduced new elements and attributes that provide greater functionality and allow for more semantic markup.
In summary, the structure of an HTML document is crucial for web browsers to correctly display the content. By understanding and using the various elements, attributes, and conventions of HTML, developers can create structured, functional, and accessible web pages.
Learn more✕This summary was generated using AI based on multiple online sources. To view the original source information, use the "Learn more" links. HTML5 Page Structure - W3docs
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