Alfonso XIII (born May 17, 1886, Madrid, Spain—died February 28, 1941, Rome, Italy) was a Spanish king (1902–31) who by authorizing a military dictatorship hastened his own deposition by advocates of the Second Republic.

Alfonso XIII (1886-1941) was king of Spain from 1886 to 1931. His troubled reign was characterized by violent class conflict, political instability, and dictatorship.

Alfonso XIII (Spanish: Alfonso León Fernando María Jaime Isidro Pascual Antonio de Borbón y Habsburgo-Lorena; French: Alphonse Léon Ferdinand Marie Jacques Isidore Pascal Antoine de Bourbon; 17 May 1886 – 28 February 1941), also known as El Africano or the African due to his Africanist views, was King of Spain from his birth until 14 April 1931, when the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed.

Alfonso XIII, also known as El Africano, was King of Spain from his birth (17 May 1886) until 14 April 1931. He had become a monarch from birth because his father, Alfonso XII, had died the previous year, although he did not assume the Crown until his sixteenth birthday in 1902.