Encephalitis wikipedia - Search
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  1. Encephalitis - Overview

    Verified Expert
    Also known as: meningoencephalitis
    An inflammation of the brain usually caused due to infection that causes flu like symptoms like headache or fever.
    Condition Highlight
    Urgent medical attention is usually recommended by healthcare providers
    Condition Highlight
    Can be dangerous or life threatening if untreated
    How common is condition?
    Very rare (Fewer than 20,000 cases per year in US)
    Is condition treatable?
    Treatable by a medical professional
    Does diagnosis require lab test or imaging?
    Requires lab test or imaging
    Time taken for recovery
    Can last several days or weeks
    Is condition preventable by vaccine?
    May be preventable by vaccine
    How is condition transmitted?
    Transmitted through airborne exposure
    See more

    Causes

    Verified Expert

    • Commonly caused due to viral infection. Bacteria can also cause encephalitis.
    • Primary encephalitis:
    • Most common virus is Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
    • Other viruses like Epstein barr virus or enteroviruses like poliovirus can also cause encephalitis
    • Insect-borne viruses: Arboviruses are spread by mosquitoes, ticks and Other insects
    • Rabies virus: is transmitted by a bite from an infected animal
    • Childhood infections: such as measles and mumps can also cause infectious diseases
    • Secondary encephalitis:
    • infections such as influenza or chicken pox
    • The risk factors include:
    • Age - Young children and old people are at high risk
    • Weakend immune system

    See more

    Symptoms

    Verified Expert
    Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms.

    Symptoms differ with severity

    Mild symptoms:

    • Headache
    • Fever
    • Pain in muscles and joints
    • Weakness and fatigue

    Severe symptoms:

    • Seizures
    • Hallucination or confusion
    • Loss of sensation
    • Partial or complete paralysis
    • Unconsciousness
    • Speech or hearing difficulty
    • Excessive muscle Weakness

    Infants show the following symptoms:

    • Nausea and vomiting
    • Stiffness
    • Loss of appetite
    • Restlessness

    See more

    Treatment

    Verified Expert

    Treatment depends on the severity of the infection. Medications to relieve symptoms for mild infections and antiviral drugs can clear certain infections caused by viruses.

    Medication

    Anti-inflammatory drugs: To relieve symptoms like fever and pain.

    Ibuprofen . Acetaminophen . Naproxen Sodium

    Antivirals: To clear the virus causing infection.

    Acyclovir . Ganciclovir . Foscarnet

    Anticonvulsants: To stop or prevent seizures, if any.

    Phenytoin

    See more
    encephalitis_en
    Microsoft Start Health

    Diagnosis

    Verified Expert
    One or more of these tests may be recommended by your medical provider.
    Tests are performed following physical examination.

    Common tests & procedures

    CT scan: CT scan of brain is performed to detect changes in brain structure.

    Complete blood count (CBC): To look for signs of infection.

    Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): MRI of the brain is performed to identify the severity of the infection.

    Spinal tap (lumbar puncture): Cerebrospinal fluid is tested to detect the infection.

    Electroencephalogram (EEG): To look for any abnormal brain activity.

    Brain biopsy: Done rarely, a sample of the brain tissue is taken to check for infections.

    See more
    Source: Focus Medica. For informational purposes only. Consult a medical professional for advice. | Disclaimer: Opinions are from external health professionals and should not be considered as Microsoft's opinion or a substitute for professional help. Consult a health professional for medical advice.
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  2. Inflammation of the brain
    • According to 2 sources
    encephalitis, from Greek enkephalos (“brain”) and itis (“inflammation”), inflammation of the brain. Inflammation affecting the brain may also involve adjoining structures; encephalomyelitis is inflammation of the brain and spinal cord, and meningoencephalitis is inflammation of the brain and meninges (the membranes covering the brain).

    Encephalitis | Description, …

    britannica.com
    Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain. It is caused either by an infection invading the brain (infectious encephalitis) or through the immune system attacking the brain in error (post-infectious or autoimmune encephalitis).

    What is encephalitis? | Enc…

    encephalitis.info
     
  3. People also ask
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  4. Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encephalitis

    Encephalitis - Wikipedia

     
  5. Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/...

    Encephalitis - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic

  6. Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_encephalitis

    Viral encephalitis - Wikipedia

  7. Cleveland Clinic
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6058

    Encephalitis: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types

  8. Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herpes_simplex_encephalitis

    Herpes simplex encephalitis - Wikipedia

  9. Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/...

    Encephalitis - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic

  10. Johns Hopkins Medicine
    https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/.../encephalitis

    Encephalitis | Johns Hopkins Medicine

  11. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
    https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/encephalitis

    Encephalitis - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

  12. Wikipedia
    https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encep…

    Encephalitis - Simple English Wikipedia, the free …

    Encephalitis is sudden inflammation (swelling) in the brain. It is usually caused by viruses, bacteria, or other pathogens. As the brain swells, it can get damaged when it gets crushed against the skull. Encephalitis can cause …

  13. Medical News Today
    https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/168997

    Encephalitis: Symptoms, causes, risks, treatment, diagnosis

  14. Britannica
    https://www.britannica.com/science/encephalitis

    Encephalitis | Description, Cause, Symptoms, & Epidemics

  15. MDS Manuals
    https://www.msdmanuals.com/.../encephalitis

    Encephalitis - Encephalitis - MSD Manual Professional Edition

  16. National Center for Biotechnology Information
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470162

    Viral Encephalitis - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf

    Aug 8, 2023 — Viral encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by a virus. It is the most common type of encephalitis and often coexists with viral meningitis.

  17. Mayo Clinic News Network
    https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/...

    Types of encephalitis: A Mayo Clinic expert explains

  18. Encephalitis Society
    https://www.encephalitis.info/what-is-encephalitis/?gad_source=1

    What is encephalitis? | Encephalitis International

  19. WebMD
    https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/understanding...

    Encephalitis: Causes, Symptoms, & Treatment - WebMD

  20. Verywell Health
    https://www.verywellhealth.com/encephalitis-8401276

    Encephalitis: Cause of Inflammation, Effects, Treatment

  21. Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_encephalitis

    Autoimmune encephalitis - Wikipedia

  22. NHS
    https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/encephalitis

    Encephalitis - NHS

  23. WikEM
    https://wikem.org/wiki/Encephalitis

    Encephalitis - WikEM

  24. Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasmussen_syndrome

    Rasmussen syndrome - Wikipedia

  25. Wikipédiában
    https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encephalitis_lethargica

    Encephalitis lethargica – Wikipédia

  26. Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_encephalitis

    Japanese encephalitis - Wikipedia

  27. Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_equine_encephalitis

    Eastern equine encephalitis - Wikipedia