Most liquids freeze by crystallization, formation of crystalline solid from the uniform liquid. This is a first-order thermodynamic
Crystallization … See more

In spite of the second law of thermodynamics, crystallization of pure liquids usually begins at a lower temperature than the melting point, due to high activation energy of homogeneous nucleation. … See more

Freezing is almost always an exothermic process, meaning that as liquid changes into solid, heat and pressure are released. This is often seen as counter-intuitive, since the temperature of the material does not rise during … See more

Certain materials, such as glass and glycerol, may harden without crystallizing; these are called amorphous solids. Amorphous materials, as well as some polymers, do not have a freezing point, as there is no abrupt phase chan… See more

The size of substances increases or expands on being heated. This increase in the size of a body due to heating is called thermal expansion .. Thermal expansion takes place in all objects and in all states of matter. Ho… See more