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  1. Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Puddling_(metallurgy)

    Puddling (metallurgy) - Wikipedia

    • The puddling furnace is a metalmaking technology used to create wrought iron or steel from the pig iron produced in a blast furnace. The furnace is constructed to pull the hot air over the iron without the fuel coming into direct contact with the iron, a system generally known as a reverberatory furnace or open hearth furnace. The major advantage of this system is k… See more

    Overview

    Puddling is the process of converting pig iron to bar (wrought) iron in a coal fired reverberatory furnace. It was developed … See more

    History

    Modern puddling was one of several processes developed in the second half of the 18th century in Great Britain for producing bar iron from pig iron without the use of charcoal. It gradually replaced the earlier char… See more

    Process

    The process begins by preparing the puddling furnace. This involves bringing the furnace to a low temperature and then fettling it. Fettling is the process of painting the grate and walls around it with iron oxides, typi… See more

    Puddled steel

    In the late 1840s, the German chemist Franz Anton Lohage [de] developed a modification of the puddling process to produce not iron but steel at the Haspe Iron Works in Hagen; it was subsequently commercial… See more

    Footnotes

    Sources
    • Landes, David. S. (1969). The Unbound Prometheus: Technological Change and Industrial Development in Western Europe from 1750 to the Present. Cambridge, New York: Pres… See more

    Further reading

    • W. K. V. Gale, Iron and Steel (Longmans, London 1969), 55ff.
    • W. K. V. Gale, The British Iron and Steel Industry: a technical history (David & Charles, Newton Abbot 1967), 62–66.… See more

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    Table of Contents
    Overview
    History
    Process
    Puddled steel
    See also
    Footnotes
    Further reading
     

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  2. CultureNL Museums
    https://www.culturenlmuseums.co.uk › story › puddlers...

    Puddlers, Shinglers & Rollers: the Story of Malleable Iron

     
  4. wikimedia.org
    https://commons.wikimedia.org › wiki › Category:...

    Category : Drawings of puddling furnaces - Wikimedia

  5. ResearchGate
    https://www.researchgate.net › figure

    Wrought Iron production (PUDDLING FURNACE)

    Download scientific diagram | Wrought Iron production (PUDDLING FURNACE) from publication: Examination of microstructure of Wrought Iron | Iron and Microstructure | ResearchGate, the...

  6. ResearchGate
    https://www.researchgate.net › figure › Re…

    Reverberatory or puddling furnace, which separates …

    Download scientific diagram | Reverberatory or puddling furnace, which separates metal from the fuel thereby reducing impurities in the final product.

  7. University of Technology - Iraq
    https://uotechnology.edu.iq › dep-production › reverberatory furnace.pdf
    [PDF]

    Reverberatory Furnace - University of Technology, Iraq

  8. People also ask
    What is a puddling furnace?
    The puddling furnace is a metalmaking technology used to create wrought iron or steel from the pig iron produced in a blast furnace. The furnace is constructed to pull the hot air over the iron without the fuel coming into direct contact with the iron, a system generally known as a reverberatory furnace or open hearth furnace.

    Puddling (metallurgy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org
    Is puddling furnace a silicate of iron?
    Puddling furnace is often termed by chemists a highly basic silicate of iron, for it contains a very large proportion of oxide of iron and a small proportion of silica, but it always contains much phosphorus and Sulphur extracted from the iron, these being present, respectively, in the forms of phosphate and sulphuret of iron.

    Puddling furnace - LinkedIn SlideShare

    slideshare.net
    Who invented the puddling furnace?
    …Henry Cort, who patented his puddling furnace in 1784. Cort used a coal-fired reverberatory furnace to melt a charge of pig iron to which iron oxide was added to make a slag. Agitating the resultant “puddle” of metal caused carbon to be removed by oxidation (together with silicon, phosphorus, and…

    Puddling furnace | metallurgy | Britannica

    britannica.com
    What was the design and puddling process of a gas furnace?
    Nonethe-less, the furnace design and puddling process were essen-tially unchanged, including a furnace lining containing a high percentage of iron oxide, a cooled metal base plate on which the furnace lining rested, and a vigorous boil during the carbon reduction stage.

    Puddling: A New Look at an Old Process - J-STAGE

    jstage.jst.go.jp
    What is a puddler's furnace with pig iron stacked up beside it?
    Illustration of a puddler and his furnace with pig iron stacked up beside it from ‘The Metallurgy of Iron’ by Thomas Turner, 1920. The man is holding his ‘raddle’, a long iron rod with a hook on the end for stirring the mass of molten iron. He had to withdraw the rod regularly and dunk it in water to prevent it melting.

    Puddlers, Shinglers & Rollers: the Story of Malleable Iron

    culturenlmuseums.co.uk
    What type of furnace does a puddler use?
    The puddler first fires his furnace, which is a reverbera-tory furnace capable of handling a 250kg cast iron charge. A furnace lining comprising usually mostly Fe3O 4 forms the melting basin. It is sintered to form a monolithic struc-ture, with the aid of some added iron or slag. The lining rests on an air cooled iron base.

    Puddling: A New Look at an Old Process - J-STAGE

    jstage.jst.go.jp
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  9. wikimedia.org
    https://commons.wikimedia.org › wiki › File:Puddling_furnace.jpg

    File:Puddling furnace.jpg - Wikimedia Commons

  10. The Historical Marker Database
    https://www.hmdb.org › m.asp

    America's First Iron Puddling Furnace - The Historical …

    Sep 10, 2017 · In 1817 ironmaster Isaac Meason and Welshman, Thomas Lewis built a puddling furnace and bar rolling mill here using a process from Wales that revolutionized the iron industry. (A historical marker located in Smock in …

  11. donwagner.dk
    http://donwagner.dk › arch-iron › eu › fining-puddling-europe-eu.html

    Fining and puddling in Europe - donwagner.dk

  12. ChestofBooks.com
    https://chestofbooks.com › crafts › mechan…

    107. The Puddling Furnace - ChestofBooks.com

    This furnace is built of common brick, and lined with refractory brick. It is held together by vertical iron braces spaced along the sides and connected across top and bottom by tie rods. A particular feature of the puddling furnace is its hearth.

  13. Britannica
    https://www.britannica.com › technology › puddling-furnace

    Puddling furnace | metallurgy | Britannica

  14. SlideShare
    https://www.slideshare.net › DonellaLongDavid › puddling-furnace

    Puddling furnace | PPT - SlideShare

  15. The Small Workshop
    https://smallworkshop.co.uk › wrought-iron

    Wrought Iron - The Small Workshop

  16. J-Stage
    https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp › article › isijinternational › _pdf
    [PDF]

    Puddling: A New Look at an Old Process - J-STAGE

  17. ChestofBooks.com
    https://chestofbooks.com › ... › The-Puddling-Furnace.html

    The Puddling Furnace - ChestofBooks.com

  18. Detailed Pedia
    https://www.detailedpedia.com › wiki-Puddling_(metallurgy)

    Puddling (metallurgy) - Detailed Pedia

  19. AllTheScience
    https://www.allthescience.org › what-is-puddling.htm

    What is Puddling? - AllTheScience

  20. LiquiSearch
    https://www.liquisearch.com › puddling_metallurgy › puddling_furnace

    Puddling (metallurgy) - Puddling Furnace - LiquiSearch

  21. Historical Metallurgy
    https://www.hmsjournal.org › index.php › home › article › download
    [PDF]

    Merton C Flemings and David V Ragone - hmsjournal.org

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