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    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912–1949)

    Republic of China (1912–1949) - Wikipedia

    • The Republic of China (ROC) began as a sovereign state in mainland China on 1 January 1912 following the 1911 Revolution, which overthrew the Manchu-led Qing dynasty and ended China's imperial history. From 1927, the Kuomintang (KMT) reunified the country and ruled it as a one-party state ("Dang Guo") and made Nanjing the national capital. In 1949, the K… See more

    The First Democratic China: How It Lasted and Why It Failed
    The First Democratic China: How It Lasted and Why It Failed
    How China Became a Republic and Lost Mainland
    How China Became a Republic and Lost Mainland
    Name

    The Republic of China's first president, Sun Yat-sen, chose ZhĹŤnghuá Mínguó (中華民國; 'Chinese People's State') as the country's official Chinese name. The name was derived from the language of the Tongmenghui's … See more

    CapitalBeijing (1912–1928) · Nanjing (de facto, 1912, 1927–1937, 1946–1949; de jure, 1927–1949) · Wuhan (de facto, 1937–1938) · Chongqing (de facto, 1938–1946)
    Largest cityShanghai
    Official languagesStandard Chinese
    Official scriptChinese characters · Manchu alphabet · Mongolian script · Tibetan alphabet · Uyghur alphabets
    History

    A republic was formally established on 1 January 1912 following the Xinhai Revolution, which itself began with the Wuchang uprising on 10 October 1911, successfully overthrowing the Qing dynasty and endin… See more

    Government

    The first Republic of China national government was established on 1 January 1912, in Nanjing, with a constitution stating Three Principles of the People, which state that "[the ROC] shall be a democratic republic of t… See more

    Military

    Military conscription was practiced in the Republic of China starting in March 1936 after a 1933 law was passed. All males between 18 and 45 were required to register for as citizen-soldiers where they would lear… See more

    Economy

    In the early years of the Republic of China, the economy remained unstable as the country was marked by constant warfare between different regional warlord factions. The Beiyang government in Beijing experience… See more

    Culture

    Prior to the fall of the Qing dynasty, interaction and trade with western countries was more common in China than it had been in previous times. This led to greater cultural influence from the west in China. The cultur… See more

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  2. Britannica
    https://www.britannica.com/topic/histor…

    History of China - Establishment of the People’s …

    3 days ago · History of China - Establishment of the People’s Republic: The communist victory in 1949 brought to power a peasant party that had learned its techniques in the countryside but had adopted Marxist ideology and believed …

     
  3. Britannica
    https://www.britannica.com/topic/histor…

    History of China - The early republican period | Britannica

    3 days ago · During the first years of the republic, China had been fractured by rival military regimes to the extent that no one authority was able to subordinate all rivals and create a unified and centralized political structure.

  4. Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Republic_of_China

    History of the Republic of China - Wikipedia

  5. Origins
    https://origins.osu.edu/read/establishm…

    The Establishment of the People’s Republic of China …

    On October 1, 1949, Mao Zedong (1893-1976) stood on the rostrum of Tian’anmen (The Gate of Heavenly Peace) and announced the establishment of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in his strong Hunanese accent.

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  7. Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic…

    Economic history of China (1912–1949) - Wikipedia

    The People's Republic of China was proclaimed on 1 October 1949. The KMT seemed powerless to even slow communist expansion and Chiang ordered an evacuation of the Republic of China to Taiwan, one of the only industrialized …

  8. Chinese History Digest
    https://www.chinesehistorydigest.com/r…

    Republic of China (AD 1912 - 1949) - Chinese History …

    The Republic of China was founded in 1912 and strongly influenced by Dr. Sun Yat-sen, Chiang Kai-shek and Yuan Shikai. The Chinese Civil War that was won by Mao Zedong's communists marks the end of this period in Chinese history …

  9. Britannica
    https://www.britannica.com/place/Chin…

    China - Revolution, Communism, Mao | Britannica

    Nov 13, 2024 · China - Revolution, Communism, Mao: The communist victory in 1949 brought to power a farmer party that had learned its techniques in the countryside but had adopted Marxist ideology and believed in class struggle …

  10. Totally History
    https://www.totallyhistory.com/the-repu…

    The Republic of China (1912-1949) - Totally History

    The Republic of China was formed when the Qing Dynasty fell in 1912. The republic had ended a very long reign of imperial rule. Sun Yat-sen was the leader of the opposition that led several civil unrests to unseat the Qing Dynasty from …

  11. WikiMili
    https://wikimili.com/en/Republic_of_China_(1912–1949)

    Republic of China (1912–1949) - WikiMili, The Best Wikipedia …

  12. History
    https://www.history.com/topics/asian-hi…

    China: Timeline - HISTORY

    Mar 22, 2019 · • 1949: People’s Republic of China - After a violent end stage to the civil war, the Communist Party declared the People’s Republic of China. Two months later, two million soldiers followed...

  13. Oxford Bibliographies
    https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/abstract/...

    Republican China, 1911–1949 - Chinese Studies - Oxford …

  14. World History Edu
    https://worldhistoryedu.com/factors-that-led-to...

    Factors that led to the establishment of the People's Republic of …

  15. Britannica
    https://www.britannica.com/place/China/Civil-war-1945-49

    China - Civil War, Revolution, Mao Zedong | Britannica

  16. Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_People...

    History of the People's Republic of China - Wikipedia

  17. Wikiwand
    https://www.wikiwand.com/en/articles/History_of...

    History of the People's Republic of China - Wikiwand

  18. Wikiwand
    https://www.wikiwand.com/en/articles/History_of...

    History of the Republic of China - Wikiwand

  19. Britannica
    https://www.britannica.com/event/Chinese-Civil-War/...

    Chinese Civil War - Nationalist Collapse, PRC, 1949 | Britannica

  20. Chinese History Digest
    https://www.chinesehistorydigest.com/prc/overview-prc

    People's Republic of China (since 1949) - Chinese History Digest

  21. WikiMili
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_People...

    History of the People's Republic of China (1949–1976)

  22. Britannica
    https://www.britannica.com/place/China/...

    China - Reconstruction, Consolidation, 1949-52 | Britannica

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