CO2 gain and water loss
Carbon dioxide, a key reactant in photosynthesis, is present in the atmosphere at a … See more

There is little evidence of the evolution of stomata in the fossil record, but they had appeared in land plants by the middle of the Silurian period. … See more

There are three major epidermal cell types which all ultimately derive from the outermost (L1) tissue layer of the shoot apical meristem, called protodermal cells: trichomes, pavement cells and guard cells, all of which are arranged in a non-random fashion. See more

Different classifications of stoma types exist. One that is widely used is based on the types that Julien Joseph Vesque introduced in 1889, was further developed by Metcalfe and Chalk, and later complemented by other authors. It is based on the size, … See more

Stomatal crypts are sunken areas of the leaf epidermis which form a chamber-like structure that contains one or more stomata and sometimes trichomes or accumulations of wax. Stomatal crypts can be an adaption to drought and dry climate conditions when … See more

Stomata are holes in the leaf by which pathogens can enter unchallenged. However, stomata can sense the presence of some, if not all, pathogens. However, pathogenic bacteria applied to Arabidopsis plant leaves can release the chemical coronatine, … See more

Response of stomata to environmental factors
Photosynthesis, plant water transport (xylem) and gas exchange are regulated by stomatal function which is important in the functioning of plants.
Stomata are … See more