sul1 vs sul2 - Search
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  1. Nature
    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-39778-7

    Molecular mechanism of plasmid-borne resistance to sulfonamide …

    • The sulfonamides (sulfas) are the oldest class of antibacterial drugs and inhibit the bacterial dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS, encoded by folP), through chemical mimicry of its co-substrate p-aminoben… See more

    Introduction

    Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing threat to the management of infectious diseases. A … See more

    Nature
    Results

    Despite sequence divergence, Sul enzymes demonstrate catalytic properties like those of DHPS
    We first characterized the catalytic properties … See more

    Nature
    Discussion

    Comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance is essential for development of novel antimicrobial therapies59 In stark contrast to other res… See more

    Nature
    Methods

    Bacterial strains and growth conditions
    Bacterial strains and plasmids used in this study are described in Table S5, primers used are listed in Table S6. Bacterial cells were cultur… See more

    Nature
    Data availability

    The crystallographic data generated in this study have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank under accession codes 7S2I, 7S2J, 7S2K, 7S2L, 7S2M, 7TQ1 and 8SCD. Sou… See more

    Nature
    Why does sul3 have a lower transmission potential than sul1 and sul2?
    The diversity of mobile genetic elements and resistance genes adjacent to sul3 was much lower than those adjacent to sul1 and sul2, especially those located in chromosomes, which reduced the transmission potential of the sul3 gene.
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    Table of Contents
    Introduction
    Results
    Discussion
    Methods
    Data availability
    Why does sul3 have a lower transmission potential than sul1 and sul2?
     

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  2. The phenotype of sulfamethoxazole resistance can be conferred by any of three types of sul genes: sul1, which is typical of the integron platform; sul2, which is independent of the Int1, or sul3, a quite infrequent gene that may be integron-linked.
    Author: María Eloísa Poey, María F. Azpiroz, Magela Laviña
    Publish Year: 2019

    On sulfonamide resistance, sul genes, class 1 integrons and their ...

    www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S088240101930645X
    www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S088240101930645X
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  3. People also ask
    Are sul1 sul2 and sul3 homologous?
    The base sequences of sul1, sul2, and sul3 are about 50% homologous to each other . Sul2 genes are located on large multi-resistance plasmids with a broad host range and are more common in clinics [14, 48, 49]. It might explain the high proportion of sul2 gene in 46 sul3-positive strains.

    Antimicrobial Resistance and Transconjugants Characteristics of sul3 …

    ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
    Is sul1 more common than sul2?
    A higher frequency of occurrence of sul1 over sul2 has been reported by several authors such as Heuer et al. (2009), Gao et al. (2012) and Obayiuwana et al. (2018), and this observation is somewhat similar to what was observed in this study, with three isolates possessing sul1 as against two SRB harbouring the sul2 gene.

    Detection of sul1 and sul2 genes in sulfonamide ... - ScienceDirect

    sciencedirect.com
    Why does sul3 have a lower transmission potential than sul1 and sul2?
    The diversity of mobile genetic elements and resistance genes adjacent to sul3 was much lower than those adjacent to sul1 and sul2, especially those located in chromosomes, which reduced the transmission potential of the sul3 gene.

    Diverse Mobile Genetic Elements and Conjugal Transferability of Sulfon…

    ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
    What is the Order of sul1 & sul2 sul3?
    The order of sul1 > sul2 > sul3 was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Genes sul2 and sul3 were most frequently detected in the HNPs (51.0 and 14.0%, respectively), whereas sul1 was the most frequent in the HNCs (60.0%); all three genes showed lowest detections in the HNAQs (34.0, 19.0, and 6.0% for sul1, sul2, and sul3, respectively).

    Detection of the sul1, sul2, and sul3 genes in sulfonamide-resistant

    sciencedirect.com
    Are sul1 and sul2 combined?
    In this study, the combination of the sul1 and sul2 was detected in all sampling sites, with frequencies as high as those in isolates from a clinical origin in other countries (Kerrn et al., 2002, Guerra et al., 2004, Bean et al., 2005, Frank et al., 2007).

    Detection of the sul1, sul2, and sul3 genes in sulfonamide-resistant

    sciencedirect.com
    Where is sul1 gene found?
    In addition, the sul1 gene was detected mainly in fragments carrying class 1 integrons. Co-location on the same fragment with resistance genes that may contribute to the persistence and dissemination of sul1 and/or sul2 genes.

    Diverse Mobile Genetic Elements and Conjugal Transferability of Sulfon…

    ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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  4. nih.gov
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8615168

    Presence of Tetracycline and Sulfonamide Resistance Genes in …

     
  5. ScienceDirect
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720357466

    Occurrence of emerging sulfonamide resistance (sul1 and sul2 ...

  6. Nature
    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-39778-7.pdf
    [PDF]

    Molecular mechanism of plasmid-borne resistance to …

  7. ScienceDirect
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452014420301564

    Detection of sul1 and sul2 genes in sulfonamide-resistant bacteria …

  8. National Center for Biotechnology Information
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9025041

    Antimicrobial Resistance and Transconjugants Characteristics of

  9. ASM Journals
    https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/msystems.00836-24

    In vivo fitness of sul gene-dependent sulfonamide-resistant

  10. Frontiers
    https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/mic…

    Frontiers | The fate of sulfonamide resistance genes …

    Jan 24, 2023 · Results: Our results show that WWTP effluent was the principal source of all three sulfonamides with highest concentrations for SMX (median 8.6 ng/l), and of the indicator genes sul1, sul2 and intI1 with median relative …

  11. ScienceDirect
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S088240101930645X

    On sulfonamide resistance, sul genes, class 1 integrons and their ...

  12. National Center for Biotechnology Information
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6690019

    Diverse Mobile Genetic Elements and Conjugal Transferability of ...

  13. Research Square
    https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-504582/latest.pdf
    [PDF]

    Resistance Genes (Sul1, Sul2, and Sul3) in Escherichia Coli …

  14. PubMed
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39140732

    In vivo fitness of sul gene-dependent sulfonamide-resistant …

  15. National Center for Biotechnology Information
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6264143

    High abundances of class 1 integrase and sulfonamide resistance …

  16. National Center for Biotechnology Information
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10328974

    Molecular mechanism of plasmid-borne resistance to sulfonamide ...

  17. ScienceDirect
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749121001652

    Enhanced control of sulfonamide resistance genes and host …

  18. plos.org
    https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10...

    Sulfonamide-Resistant Bacteria and Their Resistance Genes in

  19. ASM Journals
    https://journals.asm.org/doi/full/10.1128/aac.49.2.836-839.2005

    Dissemination of Sulfonamide Resistance Genes (sul1, sul2, and …

  20. ScienceDirect
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969708006670

    Detection of the sul1, sul2, and sul3 genes in sulfonamide …

  21. PubMed
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15673783

    Dissemination of sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2, and …

  22. National Center for Biotechnology Information
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9907086

    The fate of sulfonamide resistance genes and anthropogenic …