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See all on WikipediaTianxia - Wikipedia
By the time of the Song dynasty, northern China was ruled by the Khitan-led Liao dynasty, the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty, and the Tangut-led Western Xia dynasty. After being threatened by these northern states and realizing the possible effects of a war to the country and people, the Song rulers invented a false … See more
Tianxia, 'all under Heaven', is a Chinese term for a historical Chinese cultural concept that denoted either the entire geographical world or the metaphysical realm of mortals, and later became associated with … See more
The expression 'all under heaven' inspired literary expressions with reference to China in a number of Western languages, such as the Russian … See more
In 2013, the Singaporean historian Wang Gungwu coined the term "American Tianxia" to refer to the contemporary world order led by the United States. See more
The historical consensus is that a tianxia system existed at various points in Chinese history. Historical views differ, however, on exactly when it was in place. How a system of … See more
Japan
References to tianxia first appear in Japanese history during the Kofun period (c. 250–538 AD). At the time, Japanese rulers were respectful and submissive to the Chinese court, and Chinese immigrants were … See moreWikipedia text under CC-BY-SA license Tianxia 天下 - The China Story
WEBIn its essence, Tianxia 天下, or ‘All-Under-Heaven’, can be taken as a concise way of speaking of the traditional Chinese vision of the world order. It is traditional in that its roots go back to philosophical texts as early as …
Dongsheng Explains | Tianxia: All Under Heaven
WEBWhat is the meaning of tianxia? What makes the concept so enduring through millennia? And most importantly, what possibilities does it hold to help confront some of the …
Can this ancient Chinese philosophy save us from …
WEBFeb 7, 2018 · China’s ancient “tianxia” philosophy is the most rational approach to global order.
The Implications of "Tianxia" as a New World System
WEBDec 4, 2008 · Zhao’s concept of tianxia has three meanings- one geographical, another psychological, and the last institutional- which are are all essential and mutually dependent on one another. Geographically, …
Tian Xia: A Confucian Model of State Identity and …
WEBNov 18, 2021 · The Confucian New Tian Xia Order. Facing the issue of how to bond strangers together, the early Confucian thinker Mencius developed Confucius’s idea of ren 仁 (humaneness or benevolence) into his …
All under Heaven: The Tianxia System for a Possible World Order …
WEBTianxia (All under Heaven) is a concept with much spiritual vitality. It involves a spiritually vitalizing relationality among persons and a spiritually vitalizing relationship between the …
All under heaven (tianxia) Cosmological perspectives and political ...
WEBThe tian in tianxia is usually understood as “heaven.” Thus, a straightforward translation of tianxia would be “under heaven.” However, because what stands under heaven has …
From Tianxia to Tianxia: The Generalization of a Concept
WEBSep 25, 2019 · The philosopher Zhao Tingyang argues that some 3000 years ago there existed a meaningful Chinese tianxia, at the time of the classical Zhou Dynasty. But what …
Chinese Visions of World Order: Tianxia, Culture, and World
WEBLiterally meaning “all under heaven,” tianxia refers to a system of governance held together by a regime of culture and values that transcends racial and geographical boundaries …
“Tian Xia”—China’s Concept of International Order
WEBMay 6, 2023 · The literal meaning of Tian Xia is “all under heaven”. “Tian” is sky, or heaven without any religious connotation. “Xia” is underneath. To Chinese, Tian Xia is practically …
A Political World Philosophy in terms of All-under-heaven (Tian-xia)
WEBFeb 1, 2009 · The system of Tian-xia, or ‘all-under-heaven’, is a philosophical re-elaboration of an ancient form of Chinese universalism. The world is constituted as a global unity …
Taking China Seriously: Relationality, Tianxia , and the “Chinese ...
WEBThe combination of a central state structure with a universal moral code created what in Chinese is called a tianxia (“all under heaven”), a world-embracing system of …
Tianxia: All Under Heaven - NOEMA
WEBJun 19, 2020 · A feature of that story is the concept of “tianxia” — “all under heaven” — which thrived in China thousands of years ago. I believe it can apply going forward as a …
Rethinking Empire from a Chinese Concept ‘All-under-Heaven’ …
WEBAug 20, 2006 · The oldest word for state in Chinese is ‘ ’, meaning ‘a militarily guarded city’ while the land outside is called the ‘field’ (), and later added a wall or border around the …
Chinese Visions of World Order: Tianxia, Culture, and World …
WEBThe contributors to Chinese Visions of World Order examine the evolution of tianxia's meaning and practice in the Han dynasty and its mutations in modern times. They attend …
The Concept of Tianxia and Its Story | SpringerLink
WEBFeb 13, 2019 · Tianxia is a theory about world politics invented about three thousand years ago during the Zhou dynasty. It was designed to solve the issue of a small state …
Re-Worlding China: Notorious Tianxia, Critical Relationality
WEBSep 2, 2020 · The purpose of this essay is to retrieve the atypical relationality of Tianxia, which is a classic Chinese (i.e. Confucian) notion of order, remove the notion from …
Tianxia, imperial ambition or cosmopolitanism
WEBOct 19, 2016 · Literally meaning “all under heaven”, “tianxia” refers to a system of governance, held together by a regime of value and culture, which transcends racial and …
Tian Xia: A Confucian Model of State Identity and Global …
WEBNov 25, 2020 · To address the issues of how to bond a large state of strangers together, and of how to deal with state–state relations, early Confucians developed a tian xia …
China’s Tianxia: Do All Under Heaven Need One Arbiter?
WEBEven China’s President Xi has referred to tianxia in speeches and some conjecture that a supreme, benevolent arbiter could bring harmony to a contentious world – or at least Asia.
The ‘Tianxia Trope’: will China change the international system?
WEBApr 27, 2015 · The tianxia system is defined as a Sino-centric hierarchical relationship among unequals, governed according to Confucian principles of benevolence. As …
American Tianxia - Wikipedia
WEBAmerican Tianxia ( Chinese: 美国天下; pinyin: Měiguó Tiānxià) is a term coined by the historian Wang Gungwu in 2013 [ 1][ 2] to refer to the contemporary global order …
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