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umask (user file-creation mode mask) is a command in Linux that determines the default permissions for newly created files and directories. When you set umask 0027, it modifies the default permissions by masking out certain bits.
Default Permissions and umask
By default, directories are created with permissions 777 (rwxrwxrwx), and files are created with permissions 666 (rw-rw-rw-). However, these permissions are modified by the umask value to ensure security and proper access control1.
Calculating Permissions with umask 0027
The umask value 0027 means:
The first digit 0 is a placeholder indicating an octal number.
The second digit 0 means no permissions are removed for the owner.
The third digit 2 means write permission is removed for the group.
The fourth digit 7 means all permissions (read, write, execute) are removed for others.
To calculate the final permissions, subtract the umask value from the default permissions:
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