As early as the 1970s specific property purchasers in the United States undertook studies resembling current Phase I ESAs, to assess risks of ownership of commercial properties which had a high degree of risk from prior toxic See more

Scrutiny of the land includes examination of potential soil contamination, groundwater quality, surface water quality, vapor intrusion, and sometimes issues related to hazardous … See more

While there are myriad sites that have been analyzed to date within the United States, the following list will serve as examples of the subject matter:
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There are several other report types that have some resemblance in name or degree of detail to the Phase I Environmental Site … See more

A variety of reasons for a Phase I study to be performed exist, the most common being:
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Often a multi-disciplinary approach is taken in compiling all the components of a Phase I study, since skills in chemistry, atmospheric physics, geology, microbiology and even botany are frequently required. Many of the preparers are See more

In Japan, with the passage of the 2003 Soil Contamination Countermeasures Law, there is a strong movement to conduct Phase I studies more routinely. At least one jurisdiction … See more