Native inhabitants
It is difficult to estimate the origins of human habitation in the Connecticut River Valley, but there are physical signs dating back at least 9,000 years. Pocumtuck tradition describes … See more

The Duryeas were joined in Springfield's automobile industry in 1900 by Skene, (which disappeared shortly after), and Knox Automobile, which survived until 1927. In 1905, Knox … See more

• The Springfield Plan
• National Register of Historic Places listings in Springfield, Massachusetts
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The Springfield Armory
Then as now, a major crossroads, during the 1770s, George Washington selected a high bluff in … See more

The City of Progress
The City of Springfield, and, in particular, the Springfield Armory played an important role in the early Industrial Revolution. As of 2011, Springfield is nicknamed The City of Firsts; however, throughout the 19th and early 20th … See more

Finance board: 2004–2009
Springfield began experiencing fiscal trouble during the 1980s; however, the city's finances nearly collapsed in the first decade of the 21st century with budget shortfalls of approximately $40 million. City and state officials … See more

• Lepore, Jill. (1998). The Name of War: King Philip's War and the Origins of American Identity. New York: Vintage Books. ISBN 978-0-375-70262-4.
• Swift, Esther M. West … See more