The word suffering is sometimes used in the narrow sense of physical pain, but more often it refers to psychological pain, or more often yet it refers to pain in the broad sense, i.e. to … See more

Suffering plays an important role in a number of religions, regarding matters such as the following: consolation or relief; moral conduct (do … See more

Social suffering, according to Arthur Kleinman and others, describes "collective and individual human suffering associated with life conditions shaped by powerful social forces". Such … See more

Disease and injury may contribute to suffering in humans and animals. For example, suffering may be a feature of mental or physical … See more

Ancient Greek philosophy
Many of the Hellenistic philosophies addressed suffering.
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Artistic and literary works often engage with suffering, sometimes at great cost to their creators or performers. Be it in the tragic, comic or other … See more

Suffering and pleasure are respectively the negative and positive affects, or hedonic tones, or valences that psychologists often identify as basic in our emotional lives. The … See more