Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are a spectrum of autoimmune diseases characterized by acute inflammation of the optic nerve (optic neuritis, … See more

Anti-AQP4+ variants
NMOSD is usually caused by autoantibodies targeting aquaporin 4 (AQP4), a channel protein in the cell membrane that … See more

There is no cure for NMO, but it is treatable. Some patients recover, but many are left with impairment of vision and limbs, which can be severe in some cases. See more

The signs and symptoms of NMOSD depend on the neurologic structures the disease affects, and, to some extent, the antibodies involved.
Spinal cord effects See more

NMOSD is caused by an autoimmune attack on the nervous system. In more than 80% of cases, IgG autoantibodies against aquaporin-4 (anti-AQP4+) are the cause, and in … See more

NMOSD is diagnosed using consensus clinical criteria, which have undergone multiple revisions, most recently in 2015.
Diagnostic criteria … See more

Normally, some improvement appears in a few weeks, but severe residual symptoms and even disability may persist.
The disease can be … See more