As soon as you start to learn about Linux and Unix-like operating systems, you'll come across the terms stdin, stdout, and stederr . These are three standard streamstha… See more

Streams in Linux---like almost everything else---are treated as though they were files. You can read text from a file, and you can write text into a file. Both of these actions involve a st… See more

To ease someone's introduction to a subject, a common technique is to teach a simplified version of the topic. For example, with grammar, we are told that the rule is "I before E, e… See more

There's an advantage to having error messages delivered by a dedicated stream. It means we can redirect a command's output (stdout) to a file and still see any error mess… See more

Surely, if we can redirect either stdout or stderrto a file independently of one another, we ought to be able to redirect them both at the same time, to two different files? Yes, we can. Thi… See more