The third law has many formulations, some more general than others, some equivalent, and some neither more … See more

The third law was developed by chemist Walther Nernst during the years 1906 to 1912 and is therefore often referred to as the Nernst heat theorem, or sometimes the Nernst-Simon heat theorem to include the contributio… See more

In simple terms, the third law states that the entropy of a perfect crystal of a pure substance approaches zero as the temperature approaches zero. The alignment of a perfect crystal leaves no ambiguity a… See more

The third law is equivalent to the statement that
It is impossible by any procedure, no matter how idealized, to reduce the temperature of any closed system to zero temperature in a finite numb… See more

• Adiabatic process
• Ground state
• Laws of thermodynamics
• Quantum thermodynamics… See more