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  2. Thermodynamic potential

    In thermodynamics, the Helmholtz free energy (or Helmholtz energy) is a thermodynamic potential that measures the useful work obtainable from a closed thermodynamic system at a constant temperature (isothermal).
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmholtz_free_energy
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    What is Helmholtz free energy?The Helmholtz free energy is defined as S is the entropy of the system (SI: joules per kelvin, CGS: ergs per kelvin). The Helmholtz energy is the Legendre transformation of the internal energy U, in which temperature replaces entropy as the independent variable.
    How does Helmholtz free energy change at a constant temperature?At a constant temperature, the change in Helmholtz free energy is given by From the first law of thermodynamics, when work W is done on a system, it releases heat Q. The change in internal energy is given by From the second law of thermodynamics, for a closed system undergoing a reversible process Then, ΔF becomes
    What is the difference between Helmholtz free energy and Gibbs free energy?It is the energy required to create a system at constant temperature and volume. It is the energy required to create a system at constant pressure and temperature. Helmholtz free energy finds less application as the volume of the system should be constant. Gibbs free energy finds more application as the pressure of the system is constant.
    What are alternative names for Helmholtz energy?Alternative names for the Helmholtz energy are Helmholtz function, Helmholtz free energy, and work function. Alternative names for the Gibbs energy are Gibbs function and Gibbs free energy. Both the Helmholtz energy and Gibbs energy have been called simply free energy, and the symbol F has been used for both.
     
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    In thermodynamics, the Helmholtz free energy (or Helmholtz energy) is a thermodynamic potential that measures the useful work obtainable from a closed thermodynamic system at a constant temperature (isothermal). The change in the Helmholtz energy during a process is equal to the … See more

    The Helmholtz free energy is defined as
    • F is the Helmholtz free energy (sometimes also called A, particularly in the field of chemistry) (SI: joules, CGS: ergs See more

    A system kept at constant volume, temperature, and particle number is described by the canonical ensemble. The probability of finding … See more

    The Helmholtz free energy function for a pure substance (together with its partial derivatives) can be used to determine all other … See more

    Gibbs free energy and thermodynamic free energy for thermodynamics history overview and discussion of free energy
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    The laws of thermodynamics are only directly applicable to systems in thermal equilibrium. If we wish to describe phenomena like … See more

    Computing the free energy is an intractable problem for all but the simplest models in statistical physics. A powerful approximation … See more

    Hinton and Zemel "derive an objective function for training auto-encoder based on the minimum description length (MDL) principle". "The description length of an input vector using a … See more

     
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  5. Helmholtz and Gibbs Free Energies - HyperPhysics

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    In thermodynamics, the helmholtz free energy is a thermodynamic potential that estimates the useful work available from a closed thermodynamic system at a constant temperature. Lets look into helmholtz energy and how it differs...see more

    Insight :Helmholtz free energy measures the maximum work a system can do at constant temperature

    Insight :It is defined by f = u - ts, where f, u, t, and s are free energy, internal energy, temperature, and entropy

    Insight :The concept was developed by hermann von helmholtz, a german physicist, in 1882

    Insight :Helmholtz free energy is used for constant volume processes, such as in explosives

    Quiz :What is the helmholtz free energy a measure of in a thermodynamic system?

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  7. Hermann von Helmholtz - Stanford Encyclopedia of …

    WebFeb 18, 2008 · Helmholtz achieved a staggering number of scientific results, including the formulation of energy conservation, the vortex equations for fluid dynamics, the notion of free energy in thermodynamics, and the …

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